"40. That every _foreigner_, who comes to settle in this State, having first taken an oath of allegiance to the same, may purchase, or by other just means acquire, hold, and transfer land, or other real estate, _and after one year's residence_ be deemed a FREE citizen." This constitution also repeatedly uses the word "freeman;" meaning thereby "a free citizen," as thus defined. The constitution of Pennsylvania, (adopted in 1776,) uses the word in the same sense: "Sec. 42. Every _foreigner_, of good character, who comes to settle in this State, having first taken an oath or affirmation of allegiance to the same, may purchase, or by other just means acquire, hold and transfer land or other real estate; _and after one year's residence, shall be deemed a_ FREE _denizen thereof_, and entitled to all the rights of a natural born subject of this state, except that he shall not be capable of being elected a representative until after two year's residence." The constitution of New York, (adopted in 1777,) uses the word in the same manner: "Sec. 6. That every male inhabitant of full age, who has personally resided in one of the counties of this state for six months, immediately preceding the day of election, shall at such election be entitled to vote for representatives of the said county in assembly, if during the time aforesaid he shall have been a freeholder, possessing a freehold of the value of twenty pounds, within the said county, or have rented a tenement therein of the yearly value of forty shillings, and been rated and actually paid taxes to the State. _Provided always_, That every person who now is a _freeman of the city of Albany, or who was made a freeman of the city of New York_, on or before the fourteenth day of October, in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and seventy-five, and shall be actually and usually resident in the said cities respectively, shall be entitled to vote for representatives in assembly within his place of residence." The constitution of South Carolina, (formed in 1778,) uses the word "free" in a sense which may, at first thought, be supposed to be different from that in which it is used in the preceding cases: Sec. 13. The qualification of electors shall be that "every _free white man_, and no other person," &c., "shall be deemed a person qualified to vote for, and shall be capable of being elected a representative."