[Illustration: The author at the long-neglected grave of Robert Heller,
in Mt. Moriah Cemetery, Philadelphia, U. S. A. From a photograph in the
Harry Houdini Collection.]
From this array of facts it will be seen that second sight is and always
has been a matter of well-drilled phrases or signals, prearranged
rotation of articles, well-built apparatus or well-trained confederates,
but never a feat of actual thought-transferrence.
Some of Robert-Houdin's ardent supporters insist that in claiming the
invention or discovery of second sight, the French conjurer was merely
an unconscious plagiarist, having stumbled upon, quite by accident, a
trick which he did not know that others had offered before him.
Such a statement is illogical and absurd. Books of magic to which
Robert-Houdin had access and which he admits having read describe the
trick in a more or less crude form. Pinetti, whose tricks were fully
described to Robert-Houdin by his old friend Torrini, used the
second-sight mystification with excellent effect. Robert-Houdin could
not have been ignorant of its existence as a trick. In making the claim
to its discovery in his "Memoirs" he simply trusted to the ignorance of
the reading public in the history of magic.
According to programmes and newspaper clippings in my collection, Philip
Breslaw was the first conjurer to feature second sight in his
performance. Breslaw was a clever German who so established himself in
the hearts of amusement-loving Englishmen that he remained in England
for forty years, dying in Liverpool in 1803. In 1781, while playing at
Greenwood's Rooms, Haymarket, London, he announced as Part One of his
entertainment:
"Mr. Breslaw will exhibit his new magical deceptions, Letters, Medals,
Dice, Pocket pieces, Rings, etc., etc., and particularly communicate the
thoughts of any person to another without the assistance of speech or
writing."
Pinetti comes next as an eminent presenter of second sight. Between
these two well-known conjurers there may have been various unimportant,
unchronicled performers who made use of Breslaw's trick, but they have
no place in the history of magic.
The trick appeared on a Pinetti programme at the Royal Haymarket,
London, England, December 1st, 1784, almost sixty-two years before
Robert-Houdin presented it as his original invention.
[Illustration: Clipping from the London _Post_, December 1st, 1784, in
which Pinetti featured second sight. From the Harry Houdini Collection.]
The London _Morning Post and Daily Advertiser_ of December 1st, 1784,
contains the above advertisement, reproduced from my collection.
The talking code employed by Pinetti was not original with him, as it
dates back to the automaton worked by a concealed confederate who
controlled the piston for the mechanical figure or pulled the strings to
manipulate the dancing coins or moving head. It was novel only in its
application to the supposed thought-transferrence by a human being
instead of an automaton.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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