The Useful Arts Employed in the Construction of Dwelling Houses. Second EditionAnonymous
History
The Useful Arts Employed in the Construction of Dwelling Houses. Second Edition
Anonymous
Architecture, Domestic; Building materials; Dwellings -- Design and construction
If the results of these experiments were really such as the description
would seem to imply, it might excite surprise how it happens that no
practical results have followed. But there are always numerous reasons
why an experiment, which succeeds under circumstances _made_ for the
occasion, should not be available in practice; and it is probable that
some such discordance may exist here. Perhaps the mode in which we may
more consistently look for the practical attainment of the object in
view is by the adoption of some improved mode of building, in which
either wood is not employed at all, or, where sparingly used, measures
are taken to shield it from the action of fire. One such method is
Leconte’s, described as follows.
This plan consists in the employment of iron frames to receive concrete
matter for forming the walls. The basement story of the building is
constructed according to the ordinary methods up to one foot or more
above the ground. On the basement so constructed is to be erected the
patent wall, formed of frames entirely of cast-iron, in one or more
pieces, or a combination of cast-iron and wrought-iron plates. These
frames are to be set one on the other until the required height is
attained, the necessary stability being obtained by means of steady
pins at the corners of one frame fitting into holes made in the
corners of the frame which is opposed to it. Suitably-shaped frames
are employed for the internal partition walls, and for doorways,
window-frames, &c. The flues of the chimneys are formed of iron or
other metal pipes, placed in the thickness of the walls. When the
required elevation is obtained, a concrete of any suitable material is
poured into the framing, and fills up the vacant space, giving firmness
and solidity to the structure; the concrete being made of gravel and
lime. To give steadiness, lead is to be introduced between the joinings
of the iron-work. The doors and window-frames are to be fastened to
the walls by any of the usual known methods. The main beams and cross
beams of floors and roofs may be of cast-iron, or formed of iron and
wood; or they maybe formed of one or more pieces of plate-iron, bent up
into an oval form, and straightened by an iron or wooden bar passing
through them lengthwise, the upper edges of the metal being turned
over to increase the strength. In the interval between the beams there
are to be iron rods running in various directions, and supporting a
metallic wire-work, which forms the foundation for the ceiling. Similar
wire-work is to be employed in lieu of laths for plaster surfaces. All
the iron-work is to be painted over with some suitable composition to
prevent oxidation.
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