Sawing timber, 89--Scarfing or joining timber, 89--Trussing or strengthening, 90--Details of roof, 92--The mortise and other joints, 93--Distinction between carpentry and joinery, 95--The tools employed, 96--Glue, 98--A window sash, as an example of joiner’s work, 99--A second example of joiner’s work, 100. CHAPTER VII. THE FIRE-PLACE. Open fire-places, 102--Philosophy of a chimney, 103--Defects of open fires, 103--Remedies for some of these defects, 106--The register stove, 108--Smoky chimneys, 108--Causes of, and cure, 108--Close stoves, 111--The German stove, 112--Dr. Arnott’s stove, 113--Objections thereto, 115--Warming buildings by heated air, 116--The Russian stove, 116--Other methods, 117--Sir Stewart Monteith’s stove, 118--Warming buildings by steam, 118--Warming buildings by hot-water, 119--The high-pressure system, 120. CHAPTER VIII. THE WINDOWS AND LEAD-WORK. Introduction of glass windows, 122--The manufacture of crown glass, 122--The manufacture of plate glass, 129--Cutting glass, 133--The process of glazing, 134--Sheet lead for roofs and cisterns, 135--Lead pipes, 136--The process of plumbing, 136--Solder or cement for metals, 139--Autogenous soldering, 140--Its advantages, 144. CHAPTER IX. THE INTERIOR--PLASTERING AND PAPER-HANGING. Plastering walls and ceilings, 148--Plaster and papier-maché ornaments for rooms, 149--Whitewashing and stuccoing, 150--Origin of paper-hangings, 150--The manufacture of paper-hangings, 151--Stencil, washable, and flock paper-hangings, 153--The process of paper-hanging, 155. CHAPTER X. THE INTERIOR--PAINTING AND GILDING. Reasons for painting a house, 158--Materials used in house painting, 158--Preparing the paint, 160--The process of painting, 160--Graining and marbling, 162--Gilding as an interior decoration, 164--The process of burnish-gilding, 165--The process of oil-gilding, 167--Gilding enriched ornaments, 168. CHAPTER XI. A MODEL DWELLING-HOUSE. The late Sir John Robison’s house at Edinburgh, 170--The Interior, 170--Warming, 170--Ventilating, 171--Lighting, 172--Gas cooking apparatus, 172--Flues, 173--Interior decorations by Mr. Hay, 173--A beau-ideal English villa, 174--Situation, 175--Style, 175--Arrangement of the interior, 176--The principal apartments, bed-rooms, &c., 177--The kitchen, 179. CHAPTER XII. FIRE-PROOF HOUSES. Hartley’s method of making houses fire-proof, 181--Earl Stanhope’s methods, 181--Pambœuf’s method, 183--Fire-proof paint, 184--Experimental trials, 184--Leconte’s method, 185--Varden’s method, 186--Frost’s method, 186--Loudon’s methods, 187--General remarks, 188. CHAPTER XIII. MISCELLANEOUS PROCESSES.