distribution are means to ensure germination. Deep or thickened tap roots of seedlings are put down in the first year so that though the seedling may be levelled by fire it will appear with renewed vigour soon after. A very short flowering period for the individual tree is a marked characteristic of many species. Fire has a quickening effect on the flowering and leaf bearing of trees to a marked degree. A grass fire in November may produce flowers and leaves in December on trees which, if unburnt, would not have flowered till February. As a rule, no tree will flower again if the first flowers have been burnt off, though it will, of course, bear leaves. One or two exceptions, very rare, have been noticed by the author, but these were due to the peculiarity that some trees exhibit of bearing flowers on some of their branches and not on others, so that the flowerless twigs were probably excited by the fire into bearing flowers after it. Leaves are readily replaced after attacks by locusts which generally take place early in the season. The end of the cold weather and first sign of heat is the spring of growth. Few trees have to wait for rain before they produce all the signs of maturity except the complete growth of their leaves. The bark of young seedlings, subject to fire, is very thick and corky and that of old trees is still more so, while the inner layers are fibrous and full of sap. Almost all species will coppice very well, many throwing up shoots up to 10 feet high in a season, others only a foot or two. Root shoots are also very common and a large number of what are apparently seedlings in the forest are root shoots. Most trees are anchored very firmly to the ground by lateral roots far longer than the height of the tree, a protection against storms. A tree which is completely ringed will often endeavour to join up the cut, meanwhile continuing its season’s foliage, while the smallest connection with the root is sufficient for it to live for many years. Most new leaves, as a protection against the sun, are reddish in colour, many a brilliant crimson, the green being produced through all gradations of colour from the red. Others are hairy, scaly or covered with a bloom, the protective coverings wearing off with maturity. The proportion of sapwood to hard is large and many species show marked differences in this proportion according to their locality, some showing no heartwood in the north where it is produced in the south. The weights of woods are often considerably heavier in the north than is the case for the same species in the south. There are some localities where wide areas are infested with termites to such an extent that, during the dry weather their whole surface, even to the tips of the twigs, is completely covered with the earth carried by the termites. Although there are exceptions, it is observed that apparent damage is negligible and that the old scales are removed from the bark, exposing the fresh surface.