[21] For numerous and interesting details on the resemblance of dogs and jackals _see_ Isid. Geoffroy St.-Hilaire ‘Hist. Nat. Gén.,’ 1860, tom. iii. p. 101. _ See also_ ‘Hist. Nat. des Mammifères,’ par Prof. Gervais, 1855, tom. ii. p. 60. [22] Also Güldenstädt ‘Nov. Comment. Acad. Petrop.,’ tom. xx., pro anno 1775, p. 449. Also Salvin in ‘Land and Water,’ Oct. 1869. [23] Quoted by De Blainville in his ‘Ostéographie, Canidæ,’ pp. 79, 98. [24] _See_ Pallas in ‘Act. Acad. St. Petersburgh,’ 1780, part ii. p. 91. For Algeria, _see_ Isid. Geoffroy St.-Hilaire ‘Hist. Nat. Gén.,’ tom. iii. p. 177. In both countries it is the male jackal which pairs with female domestic dogs. [25] John Barbut’s ‘Description of the Coast of Guinea in 1746.’ [26] ‘Travels in South Africa,’ vol. ii. p. 272. [27] Selwyn, Geology of Victoria; ‘Journal of Geolog. Soc.,’ vol. xiv., 1858, p. 536, and vol. xvi., 1860, p. 148; and Prof. M’Coy, in ‘Annals and Mag. of Nat. Hist.’ (3rd series) vol. ix., 1862, p. 147. The Dingo differs from the dogs of the central Polynesian islands. Dieffenbach remarks (‘Travels,’ vol. ii. p. 45) that the native New Zealand dog also differs from the Dingo. [28] These latter remarks afford, I think, a sufficient answer to some criticisms by Mr. Wallace, on the multiple origin of dogs, given in Lyell’s ‘Principles of Geology,’ 1872, vol. ii. p. 295. [29] ‘Proceedings Zoolog. Soc.,’ 1833, p. 112. _ See also,_ on the taming of the common wolf, L. Lloyd, ‘Scandinavian Adventures,’ 1854, vol. i. p. 460. With respect to the jackal, _see_ Prof. Gervais ‘Hist. Nat. Mamm.’ tom. ii. p. 61. With respect to the aguara of Paraguay _see_ Rengger’s work. [30] Roulin, in ‘Mém. présent. par divers Savans,’ tom. vi. p. 341. [31] Martin, ‘History of the Dog,’ p. 14. [32] Quoted by L. Lloyd in ‘Field Sports of North of Europe,’ vol. i. p. 387. [33] Quatrefages, ‘Soc. d’Acclimat.,’ May 11th, 1863, p. 7. [34] ‘Annals and Mag. of Nat. Hist.’ vol. xv., 1845, p. 140. [35] Azara, ‘Voyages dans l’Amér. Mérid.’ tom. i. p. 381; his account is fully confirmed by Rengger. Quatrefages gives an account of a bitch brought from Jerusalem to France which burrowed a hole and littered in it. _ See_ ‘Discours, Exposition des Races Canines,’ 1865, p. 3. [36] With respect to wolves burrowing holes _ see_ Richardson, ‘Fauna Boreali-Americana,’ p. 64; and Bechstein ‘Naturgeschichte Deutschlands,’ B. i. s. 617. [37] _See_ Poeppig, ‘Reise in Chile,’ B. i. s. 290; Mr. G. Clarke, as above; and Rengger, s. 155. [38] Dogs, ‘Nat. Library,’ vol. x. p. 121; an endemic South American dog seems also to have become feral in this island. _See_ Gosse’s ‘Jamaica,’ p. 340. [39] Low ‘Domesticated Animals,’ p. 650. [40] ‘The Naturalist Library,’ Dogs, vol. x. pp. 4, 19. [41] Quoted by Prof. Gervais, ‘Hist. Nat. Mamm.,’ tom. ii. p. 66.