The Varieties of Religious Experience: A Study in Human NatureJames, William
ReligionComparative
The Varieties of Religious Experience: A Study in Human Nature
James, William
Conversion; Experience (Religion); Philosophy and religion; Psychology, Religious; Religion
“Thinking often on these things, the use of hats and garments dyed
with a dye hurtful to them, and wearing more clothes in summer
than are useful, grew more uneasy to me; believing them to be
customs which have not their foundation in pure wisdom. The
apprehension of being singular from my beloved friends was a
strait upon me; and thus I continued in the use of some things,
contrary to my judgment, about nine months. Then I thought of
getting a hat the natural color of the fur, but the apprehension
of being looked upon as one affecting singularity felt uneasy to
me. On this account I was under close exercise of mind in the time
of our general spring meeting in 1762, greatly desiring to be
rightly directed; when, being deeply bowed in spirit before the
Lord, I was made willing to submit to what I apprehended was
required of me; and when I returned home, got a hat of the natural
color of the fur.
“In attending meetings, this singularity was a trial to me, and
more especially at this time, as white hats were used by some who
were fond of following the changeable modes of dress, and as some
friends, who knew not from what motives I wore it, grew shy of me,
I felt my way for a time shut up in the exercise of the ministry.
Some friends were apprehensive that my wearing such a hat savored
of an affected singularity: those who spoke with me in a friendly
way, I generally informed in a few words, that I believed my
wearing it was not in my own will.”
When the craving for moral consistency and purity is developed to this
degree, the subject may well find the outer world too full of shocks to
dwell in, and can unify his life and keep his soul unspotted only by
withdrawing from it. That law which impels the artist to achieve harmony
in his composition by simply dropping out whatever jars, or suggests a
discord, rules also in the spiritual life. To omit, says Stevenson, is the
one art in literature: “If I knew how to omit, I should ask no other
knowledge.” And life, when full of disorder and slackness and vague
superfluity, can no more have what we call character than literature can
have it under similar conditions. So monasteries and communities of
sympathetic devotees open their doors, and in their changeless order,
characterized by omissions quite as much as constituted of actions, the
holy‐minded person finds that inner smoothness and cleanness which it is
torture to him to feel violated at every turn by the discordancy and
brutality of secular existence.
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That the scrupulosity of purity may be carried to a fantastic extreme must
be admitted. In this it resembles Asceticism, to which further symptom of
saintliness we had better turn next. The adjective “ascetic” is applied to
conduct originating on diverse psychological levels, which I might as well
begin by distinguishing from one another.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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