The Varieties of Religious Experience: A Study in Human NatureJames, William
ReligionComparative
The Varieties of Religious Experience: A Study in Human Nature
James, William
Conversion; Experience (Religion); Philosophy and religion; Psychology, Religious; Religion
“finds no terms, no means, no comparison whereby to render the
sublimity of the wisdom and the delicacy of the spiritual feeling
with which she is filled.... We receive this mystical knowledge of
God clothed in none of the kinds of images, in none of the
sensible representations, which our mind makes use of in other
circumstances. Accordingly in this knowledge, since the senses and
the imagination are not employed, we get neither form nor
impression, nor can we give any account or furnish any likeness,
although the mysterious and sweet‐tasting wisdom comes home so
clearly to the inmost parts of our soul. Fancy a man seeing a
certain kind of thing for the first time in his life. He can
understand it, use and enjoy it, but he cannot apply a name to it,
nor communicate any idea of it, even though all the while it be a
mere thing of sense. How much greater will be his powerlessness
when it goes beyond the senses! This is the peculiarity of the
divine language. The more infused, intimate, spiritual, and
supersensible it is, the more does it exceed the senses, both
inner and outer, and impose silence upon them.... The soul then
feels as if placed in a vast and profound solitude, to which no
created thing has access, in an immense and boundless desert,
desert the more delicious the more solitary it is. There, in this
abyss of wisdom, the soul grows by what it drinks in from the
well‐springs of the comprehension of love, ... and recognizes,
however sublime and learned may be the terms we employ, how
utterly vile, insignificant, and improper they are, when we seek
to discourse of divine things by their means.”(250)
I cannot pretend to detail to you the sundry stages of the Christian
mystical life.(251) Our time would not suffice, for one thing; and
moreover, I confess that the subdivisions and names which we find in the
Catholic books seem to me to represent nothing objectively distinct. So
many men, so many minds: I imagine that these experiences can be as
infinitely varied as are the idiosyncrasies of individuals.
The cognitive aspects of them, their value in the way of revelation, is
what we are directly concerned with, and it is easy to show by citation
how strong an impression they leave of being revelations of new depths of
truth. Saint Teresa is the expert of experts in describing such
conditions, so I will turn immediately to what she says of one of the
highest of them, the “orison of union.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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