The Viking Age. Volume 1 (of 2): The early history, manners, and customs of the ancestors of the English-speaking nationsDu Chaillu, Paul B. (Paul Belloni)
History
The Viking Age. Volume 1 (of 2): The early history, manners, and customs of the ancestors of the English-speaking nations
The articles of dress, found in a most extraordinary state of
preservation in the oak coffin, kept from decay no doubt by the tannin
in the oak, show how the people of the North dressed well before iron
had come into use among them. These are the earliest perfect garments
known, and even the latest period to which they belong cannot be far
from three thousand years ago, and they may be of a much earlier date.
[Illustration:
Fig. 38.—Oak coffin, Treenhöi, Jutland; one half serving as bed.
]
Among the most interesting graves which have given remarkable results in
regard to dress are the mounds of Treenhöi by Vandrup, near Kolding, in
Jutland.
In a man’s grave was a small cap covering the head of the body, which
was wrapped in a deer-skin, composed of several sewn pieces of woven
material, and ornamented outside with woollen threads, which had been
inserted, and terminating with knots.
[Illustration:
Fig. 39.—Cap.
]
[Illustration:
Fig. 40.—Woollen shawl.
]
[Illustration:
Fig. 41.—Cap.
]
[Illustration:
Fig. 42.—Coarse woollen cloak.
]
[Illustration:
Fig. 43.—Woollen skirt held by a striped band.
Articles of clothing, Treenhöi, Jutland.
]
On the left side under the cloak lay a bronze sword in a wooden sheath,
of lath lined with deer-skin, the hair being inside. The hilt was
ornamented by an oval bronze button at its top. There were no traces of
leggings or other protection for the legs, but the feet seem to have
been protected by strips of wool, and to have had leather shoes or
sandals on.
[Illustration:
Fig. 44.—Woman’s skirt and bodice of wool, found with bronze
ornaments, and a bronze poniard with horn handle by the side of the
body which had been wrapped in a deer-skin.—Aarhus, North Jutland.
]
The graves of women contain daggers, which may possibly imply that the
women had been warriors; also large spiral rings, various ornaments,
finger-rings, bracelets, glass beads, &c.
Women’s dress of the bronze age seems to have consisted of the skirt and
bodice as at the present time, but the men’s clothes were quite
different from those of the iron age; in the earlier time trousers were
not worn, while we see them in use in the latter.
Many sewing implements of bronze have been found in the graves, the
needles like those of the stone age are sometimes made of bone, but many
are of bronze; awls were used to pierce the holes in garments that were
made of skins, and some peculiar shaped knives have been found which
were probably used in the making of skin clothing, or in cutting
leather.
In a grave-mound near Aarhus, in North Jutland, a coffin made of two oak
logs was found. The bottom of the coffin was covered with an untanned ox
or deer-hide. On this lay a large cloak, made of coarse wool and
cattle-hair. In the cloak, which was partly destroyed, was wrapped the
skeleton of a woman dressed. The hair was long and dark, and a net
covered the head, tied under the chin.
[Illustration:
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