The Viking Age. Volume 2 (of 2): The early history, manners, and customs of the ancestors of the English-speaking nationsDu Chaillu, Paul B. (Paul Belloni)
History
The Viking Age. Volume 2 (of 2): The early history, manners, and customs of the ancestors of the English-speaking nations
After the marriage the bride and bridegroom were _hjón_, a word which
means man and wife; and then the wife became an _eiginkona_ (own woman,
wife, spouse) and _hùsfreyja_ (housewife), and enjoyed the rights
belonging to that position.
“Illugi lived at Hólm in Akranes. He was tall and strong and wealthy; he
went on a wooing-journey to Ölfusvatn, and asked for Thurid, the
daughter of Grimkel by his first wife. Grimkel answered favourably, for
he knew Illugi; the betrothal was performed there; Hörd (Grimkel’s son
by Signy) was not present at this. In the _tvimanad_ (September) the
wedding-feast was to be at Ölfusvatn, and when the appointed day came
Illugi made ready to go with thirty men” (Hörd’s Saga, ch. ii.).
No rings were exchanged or given either at the betrothal or the wedding.
That the bride had a special dress for the bridal ceremony seems to be
certain, though in no Saga have we a description of a bridal dress; but
from several passages we see that the bride was _hvit-földud_
(white-folded), and _lin-bundin_ (linen-bound, enveloped in linen),
which implies that the bridal dress was white.
“It is told that the first evening of the wedding the brides (King
Svein’s, and that of Sigvaldi, Jarl of the Jomsvikings) had their
head-dress (_fald_) low down so that their faces could not be distinctly
seen; next morning they were very merry and did not wear any
_skuplas_.”[13]
This bridal linen was a long wide head-dress hanging down the back from
the top of the head, or a kind of veil. In _Thrymskvida_ the bride wore
such a head-dress, which was fastened on the head with an ornament. At
the waist a bunch of keys was placed to show her authority as mistress
of the household, and on her breast she had an ornament.
The jötun Thrym had got Thor’s hammer and would not give it back, unless
Freyja were married to him. Thor was disguised as Freyja, and sent as a
bride to Thrym; he got hold of the hammer, and crushed Thrym and the
jötnar.
Then said Thor,
The mighty Ás,
The Asar will me
Effeminate call
If I let myself
Be tied in bridal linen.
Then they tied Thor
In the bridal linen,
And the great
Brisinga-necklace;[14]
Let keys hang
From his belt,
And woman’s clothes
Hang round his knees,
And broad stones[15]
Be on his breast,
And fastened the cloth[16]
On his head with skill.
(Thrymskvida.)
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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