The Viking Age. Volume 2 (of 2): The early history, manners, and customs of the ancestors of the English-speaking nations — John Shaqi
The Viking Age. Volume 2 (of 2): The early history, manners, and customs of the ancestors of the English-speaking nationsDu Chaillu, Paul B. (Paul Belloni)
History
The Viking Age. Volume 2 (of 2): The early history, manners, and customs of the ancestors of the English-speaking nations
A court of execution or confiscation to be held within a fortnight
after the sentence at the house of a person convicted in one of the
two degrees of outlawry.
Footnote 23:
Cf. also Gulathing’s Law, 53.
Footnote 24:
Cf. also Gragas, i. 331.
Footnote 25:
This Sigmund is the famous champion of the Faroes.
Footnote 26:
Cf. also Sturlunga, i., c. 13; Fornmanna Sögur, iv. c. 24–26; Hörd’s
Saga, c. 11.
Footnote 27:
Cf. also Vatnsdæla Saga, c. 12; Ljosvetninga Saga, c. 13; Hervarar
Saga, c. 10.
Footnote 28:
Cf. also Hænsa Thori’s Saga, c. 12.
Footnote 29:
Costly woven stuff.
Footnote 30:
Cf. Fornmanna Sögur, ii. 133; Laxdæla, 69; Gunnlaug Ormstunga, ch. ii.
Footnote 31:
Cf. Hænsa Thori’s Saga, c. 12.
Footnote 32:
Umagi, one that cannot support himself.
Footnote 33:
Negative inheritance.
Footnote 34:
Before people in a hall.
Footnote 35:
Concubines were both slaves of high birth who were captured in war and
women of lower birth, and seem to have often lived in the house. Njal
had a concubine whose son by him was killed, and Njal’s wife was
anxious to avenge his death. Their status seems to have depended on
that of the man with whom they lived.
Footnote 36:
Another text states that the women also are punished if they do the
opposite.
Footnote 37:
This probably means derisive songs.
CHAPTER II.
DIVORCE.
Manner of declaring a divorce—Causes for divorce—Divorce easy to
get—Separation—Division of property in case of separation—Penalty
for wife-beating—Restrictions on the extravagance of women.
A divorce was declared in the following manner. The wife had to declare
the separation, and the reason of it, three times in three places in the
presence of witnesses—first, in front of them on a bed; secondly, in
front of the men’s door; and, thirdly, at the _Thing_; but separation
did not prevent either party from marrying again afterwards.
Mörd gave advice to his daughter Unn how she should separate herself
from her husband, Rut, when he was not at home.
“When thou art quite ready thou shalt go to thy bed, and with thee the
men who are thy followers; thou shalt name witnesses at the bedside of
thy husband, and declare that thou art separated from him by a lawful
divorce, as fairly as is possible after the rules of the _Althing_ and
the laws of all the people. The same naming of witnesses thou shalt also
have at the men’s door, and then thou shalt ride away” (Njala, c. 7).
The causes for divorce were numerous. A cause of divorce was that of
wearing clothes belonging to the opposite sex, as when a man wore a
shirt so open that you could see his breast; or when women wore
breeches; and we find that sometimes these clothes were cunningly made
on purpose to bring about a separation.
One day Thórd Ingunnarson asked Gudrún what a woman was liable to if she
always wore breeches like men. She answered:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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