In the study of Latin and Greek, even with our imperfect knowledge of
the ancient pronunciation, and our no knowledge of the ancient
intonation, of these languages, it is all important that the student
should read Greek and Roman authors aloud. A student who has first been
trained to read Greek and Latin prose with fluency and expression can
then have considerable appreciation of verse in advance of any technical
knowledge. And if he be trained to read in time, he will know what
'quantity' really means. As Latin and Greek verse is read in the schools
(when it is read at all), it is accentual, not quantitative. I cannot
think that there was any more quantity in Greek and Latin than there is
in English, or in any other modern language, unless the Greeks and
Romans _spoke_ more in time than we do, which is not likely. The Romans
were probably more measured in their speech than the Greeks. Syllables,
in Greek and Latin verse, must have been made long or short by an
intoning of the verse.
When Vergil, or Ovid, or any hexameter poet, is read in the schools, his
verse is the same as that of Longfellow's Evangeline, made up of _xa_,
_ax_, and _axx_ feet. (Note 2.)
The following verse from Ovid, for example (Met. I. 143),
Sanguine | aque ma | nu crepi | tantia | concutit |
arma,
is read in the same way as the following from Longfellow's Evangeline:
Or by the | owl, as he | greeted the | moon
with de|moniac | laughter;
and the first and second of the following verses from Ovid (Met. I. 148,
149),
Filius | ante di|em patri|os in|quirit in | annos.
Victa ja|cet Pie|tas; et | Virgo | cæde ma-|dentes
Ultima cœlestum terras Astræa reliquit,
are read in the same way as the following from Evangeline:
And as she | gazed from the | window she |
saw se|renely the | moon pass
Forth from the | folds of a | cloud, and | one
star | follow her | footsteps.
Ovid's Met. I. 22,
Nam cœ|lo ter|ras et | terris | abscidit | undas,
is read in the same way as Colossians iii. 19:
Husbands, | love your | wives, and | be not |
bitter a|gainst them;
and Ovid's Met. I. 36,
Tum freta | diffun | di, rapi|disque tum | escere |
ventis,
is read in the same way as Psalm ii. 1:
Why do the | heathen | rage, and the | people
im|agine a | vain thing.
_Rebus sic stantibus_, what's the use of talking about quantitative and
accentual verse, as if they were really two kinds of verse? They are, to
be sure, but they are not made so, in reading.
There is, in fact, no such thing as a spondee in ordinary speech. A true
spondee must be made by voicing two syllables in equal time, and each
without stress.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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