_Socrates._ I cannot help feeling, Phædrus, that writing is unfortunately like painting; for the creations of the painter have the attitude of life, and yet if you ask them a question they preserve a solemn silence. And the same may be said of speeches. You would imagine that they had intelligence, but if you want to know anything, and put a question to one of them, the speaker always gives one unvarying answer. And when they have been once written down, they are tumbled about anywhere among those who may or may not understand them, and know not to whom they should reply, to whom not; and if they are maltreated or abused, they have no parent to protect them; and they cannot protect or defend themselves. _Phædrus._ That again is most true. _Socrates._ Is there not another kind of word or speech far better than this, and having far greater power--a son of the same family, but lawfully begotten? _Phædrus._ Whom do you mean, and what is his origin? _Socrates._ I mean an intelligent word graven in the soul of the learner, which can defend itself, and knows when to speak and when to be silent. _Phædrus._ You mean the living word of knowledge which has a soul, and of which the written word is properly no more than an image? _Socrates._ Yes, of course, that is what I mean.--_Plato, Phædrus, 275 D, 276, Dr. Jowett's translation._ NOTE 9, PAGE 121. He refers probably to articles in Punch, contained in the 2d volume for the year 1887, pp. 25, 37, 64, _et al._ INDEX Ames's, Rev. C. G., description of Emerson's voice, 103, 104. Appreciation of subject-matter, not sufficient for interpretative reading, 10, 11. Art, its function, 153-157. Belshazzar's Feast (Daniel v.), as illustrating the slighting of speech, 83-95. Books, children's, 150-165. Brain slaughter in the schools, 40. Browning, Mrs. E. B., quoted on Chaucer's verse, note 3. Browning, Robert, quoted on processes of art work, 64; on the function of art, 153-155. Chaucer's verse must be voiced, 44, 45; must be read in time, 50; Mrs. Browning quoted thereupon, note 3. Cherbuliez, Victor, quoted on processes of art work, note 4. Child, early education of the, 138 _et seq._ Children's books, 150-165. Christianity, a religion of the personal and the concrete, 147. Co-education of the sexes, 167-174. Coleridge's reading, 12. Comparisons and similes, reading of, 80-82. Culture, true, unconscious of the processes which induced it, 20. De Imitatione Christi, quoted on 'the eternal word,' 147, 148. De Quincey, Thomas, quoted on Coleridge's reading, 12. Dogma, the arch-enemy of Christianity, 147. Dowden, Prof. Edward, quoted on reading, 120, 121. Education, the danger to which it will be more and more exposed, 38; etymology of the word, 39, 40. Elocutionary skill, 18. Elwood, Thomas, quoted as to his reading Latin to Milton, 53.