The _Vega_, as will be seen from the description quoted farther on, is a pretty large vessel, which during the first part of the voyage was to be heavily laden with provisions and coal. It would therefore be a work of some difficulty to get it afloat, if, in sailing forward along the coast in new, unsurveyed waters, it should run upon a bank of clay or sand. I therefore gladly availed myself of Mr. Sibiriakoff's offer to provide for the greater safety of the expedition, by placing at my disposal funds for building another steamer of a smaller size, the _Lena_, which should have the river Lena as its main destination, but, during the first part of the expedition, should act as tender to the _Vega_, being sent before to examine the state of the ice and the navigable waters, when such service might be useful. I had the _Lena_ built at Motala, of Swedish Bessemer steel, mainly after a drawing of Engineer R. Runeberg of Finland. The steamer answered the purpose for which it was intended particularly well. An unexpected opportunity of providing the steamers with coal during the course of the voyage besides arose by my receiving a commission, while preparations were making for the expedition of the _Vega_, to fit out, also on Mr. Sibiriakoff's account, two other vessels, the steamer _Fraser_, and the sailing vessel _Express_, in order to bring to Europe from the mouth of the Yenisej a cargo of grain, and to carry thither a quantity of European goods. This was so much the more advantageous, as, according to the plan of the expedition, the _Vega_ and the _Lena_ were first to separate from the _Fraser_ and the _Express_ at the mouth of the Yenisej. The first-named vessels had thus an opportunity of taking on board at that place as much coal as there was room for. [Illustration: Alexander Sibiriakoff ] I intend further on to give an account of the voyages of the other three vessels, each of which deserves a place in the history of navigation. To avoid details I shall only mention here that, at the beginning of the voyage which is to be described here, the following four vessels were at my disposal:-- 1. The _Vega_, commanded by Lieutenant L. Palander, of the Swedish Navy; circumnavigated Asia and Europe. 2. The _Lena_, commanded by the walrus-hunting captain, Christian Johannesen; the first vessel that reached the river Lena from the Atlantic. 3. The _Fraser_, commanded by the merchant captain, Emil Nilsson. 4. The _Express_, commanded by the merchant captain, Gundersen; the first which brought cargoes of grain from the Yenisej to Europe.[2] When the _Vega_ was bought for the expedition it was described by the sellers as follows:--