The Wampanoags in the seventeenth century : $b An ethnohistorical surveyMarten, Catherine
History
The Wampanoags in the seventeenth century : $b An ethnohistorical survey
Marten, Catherine
Indians of North America -- New England -- History -- 17th century; Wampanoag Indians
The skins of other game were also used as clothing. Bear, otter,
raccoon, beaver, fox and cat skins are mentioned as having been used,
although the particulars of their preparation are not recorded.[143]
Sometimes the skins of animals not available in the immediate
vicinity were traded for from neighboring tribes.[144] The skins of
all these animals, including deer, were used also for bedding.[145]
Leather was used in the manufacture of bags for carrying fire
lighting equipment, tobacco, and parched corn meal. The latter type
is described as being long and narrow and carried either slung on the
back or tied around the waist.[146]
Contemporary observers do not mention any further uses of leather by
the Wampanoags. Among several groups of Indians, such as those who
lived by hunting on the Great Plains, leather served not only for
clothing, but as the only material available for housing and cordage.
Living as they did in the woodlands, the Wampanoags had available
a variety of suitable plant material which they used for various
kinds of basketry and cordage that served the multitude of purposes
served by leather in other regions. Thus among the Wampanoags leather
might have been used as the lashings to hold the framing of houses
together, or plant fiber might have served this purpose, or both.
Such alternatives were available, but it is not known exactly what
use the Wampanoags made of them.
=Cordage, Netting, Basketry=: The Wampanoags used the stems and
fibers of several plants for containers, house coverings, nets,
clothing, etc.[147] Among the plants used were: bulrushes, bent
grass (perhaps also other types of grasses), maize husks, “silk
grass”, wild hemp (also called Indian hemp and dogbane—_Apocynum
cannabenum_), flag leaves, basswood fiber, and the bast of other
trees with fine inner bark, such as the linden and slippery elm.[148]
Most cordage was made from wild hemp. Basically, the manufacture of
cordage consisted of removing the long fibers from the stems of the
plant and joining these by twisting and braiding until the desired
thickness and length of cord was obtained. The Indians appeared
quite skillful in this craft: “... their cordage is so even, soft,
and smooth, that it looks more like silke than hempe....”[149] Wild
hemp cordage was used in several ways. It was used to make fishing
lines.[150] It was also used for tying hooks onto these lines.[151]
Hemp cordage was looped into fishnets.[152] One of these, used for
sturgeon, is described as being 30 to 40 feet in length.[153] Large
storage bags were made out of this material, in a weaving technique
known as twining. These were flat and rectangular in shape; their
capacity was five or six bushels. They were used for storing food
both in the underground pits and inside the houses.[154] Similar bags
were also made out of bast fiber.[155]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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