The Wars of Religion in France 1559-1576: The Huguenots, Catherine de Medici and Philip IIThompson, James Westfall
History
The Wars of Religion in France 1559-1576: The Huguenots, Catherine de Medici and Philip II
Thompson, James Westfall
France -- History -- Wars of the Huguenots, 1562-1598; Sainte Ligue (1576-1593)
The similarity between the Flemish movement and the programme of the
political Huguenots in France is very close.[931] With the design of
suppressing heresy in its two most active centers, Granvella proposed
to imitate the method used at Paris, of exacting a profession of faith
together with a pledge to observe the laws, of all citizens who wished
to stay in the city. Recalcitrants were to be disarmed, compelled to
sell their property, one-third of the proceeds of which was to be
confiscated for the support of the soldiers and municipal expenses, and
the culprits were then to be banished from the country. This drastic
policy called forth a mingled protest and threat from the prince of
Orange, whose wealth and German connections, aside from other qualities
he possessed, gave him great influence. The government begged for money
and troops, “como la liga va cresciendo.”[932] Orange’s tactics were
to persuade the provincial estates to refuse to vote subsidies or to
throw the weight of the finances upon the church much after the manner
of things done at Pontoise. This he began to do in Brabant where the
indefinite postponement of a grant of money provoked mutiny among
the soldiers. In September De Berghes went out from office, having
distinguished himself by not putting a single heretic to death. The
change was immediately followed by the burning alive of a Protestant
preacher and the protestations of the quartet, Orange, Hoorne, Egmont,
and Montigny, became bolder.[933] Finally the nobles of Flanders
resolved to protest to the King of Spain. Philip II, always hesitating
and undecided, did not respond. To a petition which was sent him
demanding the recall of the cardinal, he replied by a flat refusal. The
nobles showed their offense by absenting themselves from the Council
of State and used their influence to detach the regent from Granvella.
At last, after months of negotiation, Philip II yielded. Granvella
retired to his splendid palace at Besançon in Franche Comté and the
nobles resumed their seats in the council. But the four were irritated
at Philip II’s delay in responding to their demands for reform. It was
evident, moreover, by November, 1563, that something like a common
purpose actuated the chief provinces—Flanders, Artois, Holland,
Zealand, and Utrecht.[934]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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