The Wars of Religion in France 1559-1576: The Huguenots, Catherine de Medici and Philip IIThompson, James Westfall
History
The Wars of Religion in France 1559-1576: The Huguenots, Catherine de Medici and Philip II
Thompson, James Westfall
France -- History -- Wars of the Huguenots, 1562-1598; Sainte Ligue (1576-1593)
The memory of the conspiracy of Amboise haunted the queen like a
specter, and was the more vivid because of the _rapprochement_ between
the leaders of the Huguenots and the Montmorencys, who had met together
at Paris in November at the marriage of the amorous prince of Condé
to Mlle. de Longueville. The incident was sharp enough to strike fire
between the Catholic-Guisard and the Huguenot-Montmorency party. For
when the papal nuncio indignantly demanded the cardinal of Beauvais’
renunciation of the purple, the constable bluffly said: “I am a papist.
But if the Pope and his agents still seek to trouble the kingdom, my
sword will be Huguenot. My nephew will never renounce his dignity. The
edict gives him the right to it.” It is no wonder Catherine de Medici
was anxious to hear of the report of these words at Madrid and what
Philip II would say.[1000] The interdiction of the Protestant worship
at Moulins on January 9, 1566, on the very day that Coligny returned
from the wedding festivities, was her own reply.
The very next day she guarded against new fire being struck between
the factions by compelling at least outward reconciliation between
the admiral and the cardinal of Lorraine. On January 10, 1566, in the
presence of the court, she addressed the cardinal, saying that the
repose of the kingdom was destroyed by private quarrels and especially
by two of his, the one with the marshal Montmorency, the other with
the admiral for the murder of the duke of Guise.[1001] At the same
time the queen mother, in order to preserve peace between the rivals,
hit upon the novel scheme of lodging the cardinal and the admiral in
the same house, so that each had to use the same stairway in order to
reach his apartments, telling both that each was keeper of the other,
and that if either of them experienced any injury it would be imputed
to the other.[1002] The cardinal of Lorraine, for fear of losing all
his influence, accepted the situation (he did not stir from the side of
the queen),[1003] and was compelled to abide by the situation _telle
quelle_, as Sir Thomas Smith wrote to Cecil.[1004] But nothing could
mollify the anger of the constable against the Guises, and when the
duke of Guise at length came to court in February, Montmorency left it
forthwith.[1005]
While the factional feeling thus grew more embittered, serious
and noble effort was yet made to carry out the demands of the
States-General of Orleans and Pontoise—demands which were principles
of the political Huguenots. This programme was supported by the queen
mother, who seems in this way to have sought to placate the fears of
the Huguenots for their faith. The year 1566 is notable for the fact
that greater recognition was then accorded the political demands of the
Huguenots than at any time hitherto, so that large progress was made in
the betterment of the administrative system of France.
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