The Wars of Religion in France 1559-1576: The Huguenots, Catherine de Medici and Philip IIThompson, James Westfall
History
The Wars of Religion in France 1559-1576: The Huguenots, Catherine de Medici and Philip II
Thompson, James Westfall
France -- History -- Wars of the Huguenots, 1562-1598; Sainte Ligue (1576-1593)
After longer deliberation, in February, 1566, the famous ordinance
of Moulins was framed. It contained eighty-six articles, and dealt
radically with the evils of the time and imposed drastic reform,
especially in the administration of justice.
This act declared the royal domain inalienable, limited and regulated
the right of remonstrances of parlement, organized circuits of
inspection by magistrates especially appointed to go throughout the
realm, instituted certain changes in the judicial administration,
and pledged the word of the crown to appoint capable and honest
magistrates.[1006]
It profoundly modified both the public and private law of France. In
the former sphere the ordinance strengthened the legislative power of
the crown by laying down the principle that the King’s ordinances must
be observed in spite of remonstrances on the part of the parlements,
and even if the latter refused to register them; the _maîtres des
requêtes_ were enjoined to punish severely any infraction or failure to
observe the ordinances. The powers of the governors in the provinces
were much reduced; they were forbidden to exercise the right of pardon,
to levy taxes, or to institute fairs and markets. The judicial power
of the great _villes_ was almost entirely suppressed. The communal
judges were deprived of all civil jurisdiction and retained cognizance
only of petty offenses; at the same time, the attempt was made to
restrain seigneurial jurisdiction. The right of written proof was
recognized in cases involving 100 livres or more.[1007] No less than
1,500 superfluous offices, treasurerships, secretaryships, etc., were
abolished. In the matter of religion some of the articles were a
confirmation of the edict of 1563. Another article abolished entirely
all confraternities, and prohibited the formation of all leagues.[1008]
The financial administration came in for a most searching
investigation. The flaunting arrogance of some of the King’s treasurers
is remarkable. Numbers of them had had houses, and even châteaux
which rivaled the King’s own in elegance, the means to purchase and
furnish which they had secured by plundering the people and robbing
the government. One treasurer—among four who were hanged at
Montfaucon—was found to owe the crown over three million livres.[1009]
The young duke of Guise, who had refused to be a party to the farcical
reconciliation between his house and the Châtillons soon found means
to leave the court. In May the duke of Nemours and the duchess of
Guise were married at St. Maur-des-Fosses. It was a match which sowed
dragon’s teeth once more. For Nemours forsook his wife, who was a
Rohan, having induced the Pope to nullify the marriage. The Huguenots
murmured indignantly against the insult done the Rohan clan whose
powerful family influence was now joined with the Châtillons and
Montmorencys.[1010]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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