The Wars of Religion in France 1559-1576: The Huguenots, Catherine de Medici and Philip IIThompson, James Westfall
History
The Wars of Religion in France 1559-1576: The Huguenots, Catherine de Medici and Philip II
Thompson, James Westfall
France -- History -- Wars of the Huguenots, 1562-1598; Sainte Ligue (1576-1593)
Yet there was not complete homogeneity in the new order of things. The
Politiques, except high nobles, and the rank and file of the Huguenots
represented liberal democratic ideas. But the nobles could not forget
their ancient lineage. The _assemblées de généralité_, created in
1573, included the chief members of the nobility, and although the
third estate occupied an important place in them, the generals were
all nobles.[1625] The nobility were not slow to resume their ancient
superiority owing to the influence of the king of Navarre, who was not
as pliable as the prince of Condé, particularly after the Huguenot
alliance with the Politiques.[1626]
An enormous amount of provincial spirit had been aroused during the
course of the wars. One of the speakers in the _Reveille-matin_ speaks
of the half-independence of Dauphiné, and points out the strong
tendency to re-establish the ancient provincial organization. This
theory of the Huguenots was in harmony with their constant assertion
that they were restorers of the past, not revolutionists. Feudal
traditions were too strong in France to be displaced by this new
change. While the bourgeoisie formed town groups, the Protestant
and Politique nobles appealed to the provincial spirit. By a species
of political atavism the régime of the Middle Ages began again to
prevail.[1627] Every captain considered himself a petty sovereign.
When the King ordered Montbrun to respect the majesty of the law, the
haughty rejoinder was that arms made men equal in the game of politics.
“In time of war when one carries a weapon in his hand and sits in the
saddle, the whole world is comrade.”
The government accordingly made renewed endeavors to carry on the war.
The provost of Paris was authorized on March 30 to make proclamation
that all vassals and others in Paris belonging to the ban and
arrière-ban, should assemble, fully equipped on April 15; all gendarmes
were ordered to repair to the governors and lieutenant-governors of
their several provinces, by April 20.[1628] Montpensier was sent into
Anjou with instructions to do nothing against La Noue, but to keep the
passages of the Loire and prevent him from joining with Montgomery. The
hope was yet to arrange terms with the Huguenots and for that reason
Strozzi, for whom La Noue had been exchanged after Moncontour, and
Pinart were sent to La Noue, bearing credentials from Henry of Navarre,
and Villeroy dispatched to Languedoc. Simultaneously emissaries were
also sent to Sedan, for fear lest the prince of Condé and the duke
of Bouillon might conspire with Louis of Nassau. East, west, south,
the clouds of war hung over France.[1629] In the court intrigue and
accusation were rife all this time. In February the duke of Guise
feigned, or believed, that he discovered a plot to assassinate him, of
which Montmorency was the author.[1630]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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