It is likely that about all have been discovered that can be seen even
with a telescope, for a fairly systematic and thorough search has been
made of the heavens for this purpose during the last half-century. This
work has resulted in a continually decreasing number of discoveries,
until this method of search has finally been practically abandoned. But
it not infrequently happens that in photographing the stars a little
trail of light is discovered on the plate, showing that some heavenly
body with sensible motion has been caught on it. And this usually
proves to be a new planetoid. No matter how long a photographic plate
is exposed, the fixed stars imprint themselves on it only as points of
light. When the impression is a little streak of light instead of a
dot, the object is shown to be in motion, and is either a planetoid, a
satellite, or a comet. The fixed stars would make a trail also if the
photographic apparatus were not regulated by clockwork, so as to follow
the star in its apparent daily motion across the skies. The planets
and other bodies in the solar system are sufficiently near to have a
sensible motion in addition to the motion caused by the rotation of the
earth, which is the only motion we have to take into account in dealing
with the aspects of the stars.
The first planetoid discovered was called Ceres, the next one Pallas,
the third Juno, and the fourth Vesta. This pretty custom of naming them
after the gods and goddesses of mythology was continued, with some
variations, until perhaps three hundred had been so christened. But the
number of them became too prodigious; and when so many began to swarm
into view, waiting to be named, the utilitarian method of designating
them simply by numbers in the order of their discovery was adopted. The
only distinguishing feature of so numbering them is that each number
is placed in a little circle. Thus Ceres is ①, Pallas ②, and so
on. Those of them that have any special claim to distinction, however,
are still referred to by their own names, if they have any, in spite of
this most orderly attempt to make them fit for easy reference in a list.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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