There are so many of the planetoids, and they are so minute, that
even after they have been discovered they are frequently lost again.
Hence it is sometimes uncertain when they register themselves on the
photographic plates whether they are really new to us or have been
known before. In such cases they are named temporarily after the
letters of the alphabet, and, when the alphabet is exhausted, a second
letter is added. Thus A to Z, then AB to AZ, BC to BZ, and so on in a
sort of “round.” Sometimes these combinations of letters become the
fixed designation of a planetoid, as a nickname sometimes clings to a
person. And thus it happens that we sometimes read of one in particular
of these little bodies that is conspicuous for the great eccentricity
of its orbit, called “WD.” The letters are not its initials, but its
nickname. It really has no name other than its number in the list; but
it became famous while it was temporarily designated as “WD,” and thus
it continues to be called.
The aid of a telescope is necessary in order to see the planetoids,
though it is said that Vesta, under very favorable conditions,
sometimes comes within the limit of visibility. She is the brightest of
them all, though not the largest, and her brilliancy is the subject of
much interesting speculation among astronomers, who have not yet been
able to account for it. She seems from her excessive brightness to be
covered with clouds; and yet it is manifestly impossible that so small
a body could have held an atmosphere throughout these long ages, though
clouds presuppose an atmosphere. No doubt, in time this mystery of
Vesta’s brilliancy will be made plain. Bright as she is in proportion
to her size, and even if she sometimes can be seen, one cannot
reasonably expect anything very brilliant to our view from a body not
much more than a hundred miles in diameter, shining by reflected light,
nearly two hundred million miles away.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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