After leaving Gemini the ecliptic passes through the small
constellation Cancer. Its way runs southeasterly for about twenty
degrees, passing just south of a charming little cluster of stars which
can be dimly seen with the unaided eye, but comes out brilliantly with
an opera-glass. It is called Præsepe, or the Bee-hive, and is the only
object to attract attention in Cancer. Fortunately, it is so situated
as to mark the line of the ecliptic through the constellation. The
Bee-hive rests almost exactly on the ecliptic.
LEO
Leaving Cancer, the sun enters Leo, a large, well-marked constellation
known to many persons by the conspicuous figure in it of a sickle. At
the end of the handle of the Sickle is Regulus, one of the bright
first-magnitude stars. A little more than fifteen degrees east of the
Sickle the rest of the constellation is marked by a large triangle
formed by three rather bright stars. Both of these figures are
well marked and easily seen, making Leo one of the easiest of the
constellations to find. The sun crosses it in a southeasterly direction
which leads straight across Regulus. The star is often occulted by the
moon, and by the sun also, though that we cannot see on account of the
blinding light of the sun.
Leo is visible nearly eight months in the year. It is in the eastern
sky early in the evening in the winter, and shines all night from late
in December until April. In May and June it is traveling westerly,
but high up in the sky. In July it is in the western sky in the
evening. The sun passes through it from August 7th to September 14th.
Regulus is a white star, and twinkles violently, so that it is easily
distinguished from any planet that is passing near it. In the other
part of the constellation the path of the planets runs about ten
degrees below the triangle.
VIRGO
When the sun has passed Leo it enters the largest of all the
constellations, Virgo, and passes through it in forty-five days, from
September 14th to October 29th. The constellation is far from rich in
bright stars; but one may find the ecliptic, or path of the sun, by
following a curved southeasterly line from Regulus about sixty-five
degrees until it reaches Spica,[4] a very bright first-magnitude star
in this comparatively starless region. If there is any doubt about
Spica, it may be found by following the curve of the handle of the Big
Dipper about thirty degrees, which brings one to the splendid Arcturus,
and then about thirty degrees farther on, which points one to Spica.
[4] See “Spica” in _The Friendly Stars_.
Eight or nine days after entering Virgo the sun crosses the equator at
the autumnal equinox, and the rest of the ecliptic lies farther south.
Spica is about ten degrees south of the equator.
Spica is in the east during the early evenings in April and May;
throughout June and July it may be seen in the south during the
evening. In October it sets at about the same time as the sun.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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