The West Riding Territorials in the Great WarMagnus, Laurie
History
The West Riding Territorials in the Great War
Magnus, Laurie
Great Britain. Army. Division, 49th; Great Britain. Army. Division, 62nd; World War, 1914-1918 -- Regimental histories -- Great Britain
On the night of November 17th-18th, the two leading Brigades of the
62nd Division took up their battle front; the 185th on the right, and
the 187th on the left. Detachments of the 36th Division were kept in the
outpost line, so as to avoid any chance of the enemy spotting the relief;
and, though he rushed one of these posts, and captured two men of the
36th, he was not made aware of the date or time of the attack, or of the
fact that Tanks were to be used. These lumbered off from the advanced
Tankodrome at the south-west corner of Havrincourt Wood, and reached
their lying-up places by midnight on Y Z night, November 19th-20th.
The pace of the Tanks was calculated, after practical experience, at a
hundred yards in five minutes, and the Artillery barrage and Infantry
advance were regulated accordingly. The two leading Infantry Brigades
were to attack on a two-Battalion front, preceded by twenty-two Tanks.
The remaining two Battalions of each Brigade, preceded by eight Tanks,
were to leap-frog through the leading Battalions, picking up all
surviving Tanks on their way.
Second only, if second, to the Tanks in novelty and effectiveness was
the new, great weapon of surprise, perfected by the lessons of a hundred
mistakes. We may quote the evidence of a contemporary Battalion diarist,
who ascribed the initial success, first, to the Tanks (‘these dealt
extremely effectively with the enemy wire, which was very formidable
in places’), and, secondly, to secrecy (‘even in the marches up to the
line the destination of the Battalion for that night was not made known
to anybody below the rank of an Officer. That this policy paid well may
be judged from the fact that the enemy was obviously taken completely
by surprise’). This record, taken from the account of the 2/4th York
and Lancasters, is repeated in almost every diary. In order to keep the
secret, very elaborate precautions had been taken. Aerial photographers
were deceived by marches on the off-side of roads. Lorries going
northward carried lights, lorries going southward carried none. No fires
were allowed. There was no preliminary bombardment, and, as indicated
above, no one in the Division knew the destination of the Division. Zero
hour on November 20th was 6-20 a.m., and at 6-20, on that foggy morning,
the first intimation to the Germans of the 62nd Division’s attack was
the sight of a sheet of flame from every gun, and of heavy Tanks looming
through the mist. No wonder, that the first bound of the eager Infantry
started with conspicuous success, and was attended by comparatively few
casualties.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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