Mode of investigation.--Intellect.--Sense-perceptions.--Association. --Inference and understanding.--Rational intelligence.--Modes of mental or nervous action.--Reflex action, unconscious and comparatively mechanical.--Instinctive action: The actor is conscious, but guided by heredity.--Intelligent action.--The actor is conscious, guided by intelligence resulting from experience or observation.--The will stimulated by motives.--Appetites.--Fear and other prudential considerations.--Care for young and love of mates.--The dawn of unselfishness.--Motives furnished by the rational intelligence: Truth, right, duty.--Recapitulation: The will, stimulated by ever higher motives, is finally to be dominated by unselfishness and love of truth and righteousness.--These rouse the only inappeasable hunger, and are capable of indefinite development.--Strength of these motives.--Their complete dominance the goal of human development. CHAPTER VI NATURAL SELECTION AND ENVIRONMENT The reversal of the sequence of functions leads to extermination, degeneration, or, rarely, to stagnation.--Natural selection becomes more unsparing as we go higher.--Extinction.--Severity of the struggle for life.--Environment one.--But lower animals come into vital relation with but a small part of it.--It consists of a myriad of forces, which, as acting on a given form, may be considered as one grand resultant.--Environment is thus a power making at first for digestion and reproduction, then for muscular strength and activity, then for shrewdness, finally for unselfishness and righteousness.--An ultimate "power, not ourselves, making for righteousness," a personality.--Our knowledge of this personality may be valid, even though very incomplete.--Religion.--Conformity to the spiritual in or behind environment is likeness to God.--The conservative tendency in evolution. CHAPTER VII CONFORMITY TO ENVIRONMENT Human environment.--The development of the family as the school of man's training.--The family as the school of unselfishness and obedience.--The family as the basis of social life.--Society as an aid to conformity to environment by increasing intelligence and training conscience.--Mental and moral heredity.--Personal magnetism.--Man's search for a king.--The essence of Christianity.--Conformity to environment gives future supremacy, but often at the cost of present hardship.--Conformity as obedience to the laws of our being.--Environment best understood through the study of the human mind.--Productiveness and prospectiveness of vital capital.--Faith. CHAPTER VIII MAN