"'Was it provided for the purpose of the mill?' 'Yes, we got our
bread and water there.'
"'Did you sleep in a bothy at Duff & Taylor's?' 'Yes.'
"'Were you locked up in a bothy?' 'No.'
"'What is a bothy?' 'It is a house with beds all round.'
"'Is it not the practice for farm-servants, and others, who are
unmarried, to sleep in such places?' 'I could not say as to that;
I am not acquainted with the farm system.'
"'To what mill did you next go?' 'To Mr. Webster's, at Battus
Den, within eleven miles of Dundee.'
"'In what situation did you act there?' 'I acted as an overseer.'
"'At 17 years of age?' 'Yes.'
"'Did you inflict the same punishment that you yourself had
experienced?' 'I went as an overseer; not as a slave, but as a
slave-driver.'
"'What were the hours of labour in that mill?' 'My master told
me that I had to produce a certain quantity of yarn; the hours
were at that time fourteen; I said that I was not able to produce
the quantity of yarn that was required; I told him if he took
the timepiece out of the mill I would produce that quantity, and
after that time I found no difficulty in producing the quantity.'
"'How long have you worked per day in order to produce the
quantity your master required?' 'I have wrought nineteen hours.'
"'Was this a water-mill?' 'Yes, water and steam both.'
"'To what time have you worked?' 'I have seen the mill going till
it was past 12 o'clock on the Saturday night.'
"'So that the mill was still working on the Sabbath morning.'
'Yes.'
"'Were the workmen paid by the piece, or by the day?' 'No, all
had stated wages.'
"'Did not that almost compel you to use great severity to the
hands then under you?' 'Yes; I was compelled often to beat them,
in order to get them to attend to their work, from their being
overwrought.'
"'Were not the children exceedingly fatigued at that time?' 'Yes,
exceedingly fatigued.'
"'Were the children bound in the same way in that mill?' 'No;
they were bound from one year's end to another, for twelve
months.'
"'Did you keep the hands locked up in the same way in that mill?'
'Yes, we locked up the mill; but we did not lock the bothy.'
"'Did you find that the children were unable to pursue their
labour properly to that extent?' 'Yes; they have been brought to
that condition, that I have gone and fetched up the doctor to
them, to see what was the matter with them, and to know whether
they were able to rise, or not able to rise; they were not at all
able to rise; we have had great difficulty in getting them up.'
"'When that was the case, how long have they been in bed,
generally speaking?' 'Perhaps not above four or five hours in
their beds. Sometimes we were very ill-plagued by men coming
about the females' bothy.'
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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