THE WILL TO POWER AN ATTEMPTED TRANSVALUATION OF ALL VALUES BY FRIEDRICH NIETZSCHE TRANSLATED BY ANTHONY M. LUDOVICI VOL. I BOOKS I AND II The Complete Works of Friedrich Nietzsche The First Complete and Authorised English Translation Edited by Dr Oscar Levy Volume Fourteen T.N. FOULIS 13 & 15 FREDERICK STREET EDINBURGH: AND LONDON 1914 CONTENTS OF VOL. I. PREFACE 1 FIRST BOOK. EUROPEAN NIHILISM. A PLAN I. NIHILISM-- 1. Nihilism as an Outcome of the Valuations and Interpretations of Existence which have prevailed hitherto 2. Further Causes of Nihilism 3. The Nihilistic Movement as an Expression of Decadence 4. The Crisis: Nihilism and the Idea of Recurrence II. CONCERNING THE HISTORY OF EUROPEAN NIHILISM-- _(a)_ Modern Gloominess _(b)_ The Last Centuries _(c)_ Signs of Increasing Strength SECOND BOOK. A CRITICISM OF THE HIGHEST VALUES THAT HAVE PREVAILED HITHERTO. I. CRITICISM OF RELIGION-- 1. Concerning the Origin of Religions 2. Concerning the History of Christianity 3. Christian Ideals II. A CRITICISM OF MORALITY-- 1. The Origin of Moral Valuations 2. The Herd 3. General Observations concerning Morality 4. How Virtue is made to Dominate 5. The Moral Ideal-- _A._ A Criticism of Ideals _B._ A Criticism of the "Good Man," of the Saint, etc. _C._ Concerning the Slander of the so-called Evil Qualities _D._ A Criticism of the Words: Improving, Perfecting, Elevating 6. Concluding Remarks concerning the Criticism of Morality III. CRITICISM OF PHILOSOPHY-- 1. General Remarks 2. A Criticism of Greek Philosophy 3. The Truths and Errors of Philosophers 4. Concluding Remarks in the Criticism of Philosophy TRANSLATOR'S PREFACE. In the volume before us we have the first two books of what was to be Nietzsche's greatest theoretical and philosophical prose work. The reception given to _Thus Spake Zarathustra_ had been so unsatisfactory, and misunderstandings relative to its teaching had become so general, that, within a year of the publication of the first part of that famous philosophical poem, Nietzsche was already beginning to see the necessity of bringing his doctrines before the public in a more definite and unmistakable form. During the years that followed--that is to say, between 1883 and 1886--this plan was matured, and although we have no warrant, save his sister's own word and the internal evidence at our disposal, for classing _Beyond Good and Evil_ (published 1886) among the contributions to Nietzsche's grand and final philosophical scheme, "The Will to Power," it is now impossible to separate it entirely from his chief work as we would naturally separate _The Birth of Tragedy,_ the _Thoughts out of Season,_ the volumes entitled _Human, all-too-Human, The Dawn of Day,_ and _Joyful Wisdom._