The Wisdom of Confucius: with Critical and Biographical SketchesConfucius
ReligionEastern
The Wisdom of Confucius: with Critical and Biographical Sketches
Confucius
Ethics -- China; Philosophy, Chinese
"If the seasons of husbandry be not interfered with, the grain will be
more than can be eaten. If close nets are not allowed to enter the
pools and ponds, the fish and turtles will be more than can be
consumed. If the axes and bills enter the hill-forests only at the
proper times, the wood will be more than can be used. When the grain
and fish and turtles are more than can be eaten, and there is more
wood than can be used, this enables the people to nourish their living
and do all offices for their dead, without any feeling against any.
But this condition, in which the people nourish their living, and do
all offices to their dead without having any feeling against any, is
the first step in the Royal way.
"Let mulberry trees be planted about the homesteads with their five
acres, and persons of fifty years will be able to wear silk. In
keeping fowls, pigs, dogs, and swine, let not their time of breeding
be neglected, and persons of seventy years will be able to eat flesh.
Let there not be taken away the time that is proper for the
cultivation of the field allotment of a hundred acres, and the family
of several mouths will not suffer from hunger. Let careful attention
be paid to the teaching in the various schools, with repeated
inculcation of the filial and fraternal duties, and gray-haired men
will not be seen upon the roads, carrying burdens on their backs or on
their heads. It has never been that the ruler of a State where these
results were seen, persons of seventy wearing silk and eating flesh,
and the black-haired people suffering neither from hunger nor cold,
did not attain to the Royal dignity.
"Your dogs and swine eat the food of men, and you do not know to store
up of the abundance. There are people dying from famine on the roads,
and you do not know to issue your stores for their relief. When men
die, you say, 'It is not owing to me; it is owing to the year.' In
what does this differ from stabbing a man and killing him, and then
saying, 'It was not I; it was the weapon'? Let your Majesty cease to
lay the blame on the year and instantly the people, all under the sky,
will come to you."
King Hwuy of Lëang said, "I wish quietly to receive your
instructions." Mencius replied, "Is there any difference between
killing a man with a stick and with a sword?" "There is no
difference," was the answer.
Mencius continued, "Is there any difference between doing it with a
sword and with governmental measures?" "There is not," was the answer
again.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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