CHAPTER VII. ci General Character of President Jackson's Administrations.--Speedy Discord among the Parties which had united for his Elevation.--Mr. Webster's Relations to the Administration.--Veto of the Bank.--Rise and Progress of Nullification in South Carolina.--The Force Bill, and the Reliance of General Jackson's Administration on Mr. Webster's Aid.--His Speech in Defence of the Bill, and in Opposition to Mr. Calhoun's Resolutions.--Mr. Madison's Letter on Secession.--The Removal of the Deposits.--Motives for that Measure.--The Resolution of the Senate disapproving it.--The President's Protest.--Mr. Webster's Speech on the Subject of the Protest.--Opinions of Chancellor Kent and Mr. Tazewell.--The Expunging Resolution.--Mr. Webster's Protest against it.--Mr. Van Buren's Election.--The Financial Crisis and the Extra Session of Congress.--The Government Plan of Finance supported by Mr. Calhoun and opposed by Mr. Webster.--Personalities.--Mr. Webster's Visit to Europe and distinguished Reception.--The Presidential Canvass of 1840.--Election of General Harrison. CHAPTER VIII. cxix Critical State of Foreign Affairs on the Accession of General Harrison.--Mr. Webster appointed to the State Department.--Death of General Harrison.--Embarrassed Relations with England.--Formation of Sir Robert Peel's Ministry, and Appointment of Lord Ashburton as Special Minister to the United States.--Course pursued by Mr. Webster in the Negotiations.--The Northeastern Boundary.--Peculiar Difficulties in its Settlement happily overcome.--Other Subjects of Negotiation.--Extradition of Fugitives from Justice.--Suppression of the Slave-Trade on the Coast of Africa.--History of that Question.--Affair of the Caroline.--Impressment.--Other Subjects connected with the Foreign Relations of the Government.--Intercourse with China.--Independence of the Sandwich Islands.--Correspondence with Mexico.--Sound Duties and the Zoll-Verein.--Importance of Mr. Webster's Services as Secretary of State.