The Works of Garcilasso de la Vega, Surnamed the Prince of Castilian Poets, Translated into English Verse: With a Critical and Historical Essay on Spanish Poetry and a Life of the AuthorVega, Garcilaso de la
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The Works of Garcilasso de la Vega, Surnamed the Prince of Castilian Poets, Translated into English Verse: With a Critical and Historical Essay on Spanish Poetry and a Life of the Author
Vega, Garcilaso de la
Spanish poetry -- 16th century -- Translations into English; Spanish poetry -- History and criticism
The Spanish poets had cultivated up to this time almost every species of
Italian versification. The harmonious and rounded octave, the exact and
laborious terza, the artificial sonnet, the trifling sextine, the
canzone in its infinite combinations, and blank verse, although for the
most part extremely ill managed[N]--were the forms of all their
compositions, which came to be reflections, more or less luminous, of
ancient, and of Tuscan poetry. Some coplas and trobas were made, though
very few, in which the taste prior to Garcilasso prevailed; but when
the use of the _asonante_[O] became general in the last third division
of this sixteenth century, the taste and inclination for _Romances_
became equally in vogue, and in them were continued, and, as it were,
perpetuated, the old Castilian poesies.
Utterly stript of the complexity and force, to which imitation in other
kinds of writing obliged them to have recourse, their authors little
caring for a resemblance with the odes of Horace, or the canzone of
Petrarch, and composing them more happily by instinct than by art, the
_Romances_ could not have the pomp and loftiness of the odes of Leon,
Herrera, and Rioja. Yet were they peculiarly the lyric poetry of Spain:
in them music employed its accents; they were heard at night in the
halls and gardens to the sound of the harp or guitar; they served as the
vehicle and the incentive of love, as well as shafts for satire and
revenge; they painted most happily Moorish customs and pastoral manners,
and preserved in the memory of the vulgar the prowess of the Cid and
other champions. In fine, more flexible than other kinds of composition,
they accommodated themselves to all kinds of subjects, made use of a
language rich and natural, clothed themselves with a mezzo-tinto soft
and sweet, and presented on every hand that facility and freshness
which rise from originality, and which flow without effort and without
study.
There are in them more fine and energetic expressions, more delicate and
ingenious passages, than in the whole range of Spanish poetry besides.
The Morisco ballads, in particular, are written with a vigour and a
sprightliness of style that absolutely enchant. Those customs in which
prowess and love are so beautifully blended, those Moors so gallant and
so tender, that so romantic and delicious country, those names so sweet
and so sonorous, each and all contribute to give novelty and poetry to
the compositions wherein they are portrayed. The poets afterwards grew
weary of disguising gallantries under the Morisco dress, and had
recourse to the pastoral. Then to challenges, tournaments, and devices,
succeeded green meads, brooks, flowers, and ciphers carved on trees; and
what the Romances lost in vigour by the change, they gained in sweetness
and simplicity.
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