The Works of George Berkeley. Vol. 1 of 4: Philosophical Works, 1705-21 — John Shaqi
The Works of George Berkeley. Vol. 1 of 4: Philosophical Works, 1705-21Berkeley, George
Philosophy
The Works of George Berkeley. Vol. 1 of 4: Philosophical Works, 1705-21
Berkeley, George
Philosophy -- Early works to 1800
The light of the Percival correspondence first falls on Berkeley’s life in
1709. The earliest extant letters from Berkeley to Sir John Percival are
in September, October, and December of that year, dated at Trinity
College. In one of them he pronounces Socrates “the best and most
admirable man that the heathen world has produced.” Another letter, in
March, 1710, accompanies a copy of the second edition of the _Essay on
Vision_. “I have made some alterations and additions in the body of the
treatise,” he says, “and in the appendix have endeavoured to meet the
objections of the Archbishop of Dublin;” whose sermon he proceeds to
deprecate, for “denying that goodness and understanding are more to be
affirmed of God than feet or hands,” although all these may, in a
metaphorical sense. How far, or whether at all, God is knowable by man,
was, as we shall see, matter of discussion and controversy with Berkeley
in later life; but this shews that the subject was already in his
thoughts. Returning to the _Essay on Vision_, he tells Sir John that
“there remains one objection, that with regard to the uselessness of that
book of mine; but in a little time I hope to make what is there laid down
appear subservient to the ends of morality and religion, in a _Treatise_ I
have in the press, the design of which is to demonstrate the existence and
attributes of God, the immortality of the soul, the reconciliation of
God’s foreknowledge and the freedom of man; and by shewing the emptiness
and falsehood of several parts of the speculative sciences, to induce men
to the study of religion and things useful. How far my endeavours will
prove successful, and whether I have been all this time in a dream or no,
time will shew. I do not see how it is possible to demonstrate the being
of a God on the principles of the Archbishop—that strictly goodness and
understanding can no more be assumed of God than that He has feet or
hands; there being no argument that I know for God’s existence which does
not prove Him at the same time to be an understanding and benevolent
being, in the strict, literal, and proper meaning of these words.” He
adds, “I have written to Mr. Clarke to give me his thoughts on the subject
of God’s existence, but have got no answer.”
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