The Works of George Berkeley. Vol. 1 of 4: Philosophical Works, 1705-21Berkeley, George
Philosophy
The Works of George Berkeley. Vol. 1 of 4: Philosophical Works, 1705-21
Berkeley, George
Philosophy -- Early works to 1800
which is without the representation of the pictures in _B_. For, if you
take the little linages of the pictures in _B_, and consider them by
themselves, and with respect only to one another, they are all erect and
in their natural posture.
117. Farther, there lies a mistake in our imagining that the pictures of
external(403) objects are painted on the bottom of the eye. It has been
shewn there is no resemblance between the ideas of sight and things
tangible. It hath likewise been demonstrated(404), that the proper objects
of sight do not exist without the mind. Whence it clearly follows that the
pictures painted on the bottom of the eye are not the pictures of external
objects. Let any one consult his own thoughts, and then tell me, what
affinity, what likeness, there is between that certain variety and
disposition of colours which constitute the visible man, or picture of a
man, and that other combination of far different ideas, sensible by touch,
which compose the tangible man. But, if this be the case, how come they to
be accounted pictures or images, since that supposes them to copy or
represent some originals or other?
118. To which I answer—In the forementioned instance, the eye _A_ takes
the little images, included within the representation of the other eye
_B_, to be pictures or copies, whereof the archetypes are not things
existing without(405), but the larger pictures(406) projected on its own
fund; and which by _A_ are not thought pictures, but the originals or true
things themselves. Though if we suppose a third eye _C_, from a due
distance, to behold the fund of _A_, then indeed the things projected
thereon shall, to _C_, seem pictures or images, in the same sense that
those projected on _B_ do to _A_.
119. Rightly to conceive the business in hand, we must carefully
distinguish between the ideas of sight and touch, between the visible and
tangible eye; for certainly on the tangible eye nothing either is or seems
to be painted. Again, the visible eye, as well as all other visible
objects, hath been shewn to exist only in the mind(407); which, perceiving
its own ideas, and comparing them together, does call some pictures in
respect to others. What hath been said, being rightly comprehended and
laid together, does, I think, afford a full and genuine explication of the
erect appearance of objects—which phenomenon, I must confess, I do not see
how it can be explained by any theories of vision hitherto made public.
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