The Works of George Berkeley. Vol. 1 of 4: Philosophical Works, 1705-21Berkeley, George
Philosophy
The Works of George Berkeley. Vol. 1 of 4: Philosophical Works, 1705-21
Berkeley, George
Philosophy -- Early works to 1800
148. Suppose one who had always continued blind be told by his guide that
after he has advanced so many steps he shall come to the brink of a
precipice, or be stopped by a wall; must not this to him seem very
admirable and surprising? He cannot conceive how it is possible for
mortals to frame such predictions as these, which to him would seem as
strange and unaccountable as prophecy does to others. Even they who are
blessed with the visive faculty may (though familiarity make it less
observed) find therein sufficient cause of admiration. The wonderful art
and contrivance wherewith it is adjusted to those ends and purposes for
which it was apparently designed; the vast extent, number, and variety of
objects that are at once, with so much ease, and quickness, and pleasure,
suggested by it—all these afford subject for much and pleasing
speculation, and may, if anything, give us some glimmering analogous
prænotion of things, that are placed beyond the certain discovery and
comprehension of our present state(452).
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149. I do not design to trouble myself much with drawing corollaries from
the doctrine I have hitherto laid down. If it bears the test, others may,
so far as they shall think convenient, employ their thoughts in extending
it farther, and applying it to whatever purposes it may be subservient to.
Only, I cannot forbear making some inquiry concerning the object of
geometry, which the subject we have been upon does naturally lead one to.
We have shewn there is no such idea as that of extension in abstract(453);
and that there are two kinds of sensible extension and figures, which are
entirely distinct and heterogeneous from each other(454). Now, it is
natural to inquire which of these is the object of geometry(455).
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150. Some things there are which, at first sight, incline one to think
geometry conversant about visible extension. The constant use of the eyes,
both in the practical and speculative parts of that science, doth very
much induce us thereto. It would, without doubt, seem odd to a
mathematician to go about to convince him the diagrams he saw upon paper
were not the figures, or even the likeness of the figures, which make the
subject of the demonstration—the contrary being held an unquestionable
truth, not only by mathematicians, but also by those who apply themselves
more particularly to the study of logic; I mean who consider the nature of
science, certainty, and demonstration; it being by them assigned as one
reason of the extraordinary clearness and evidence of geometry, that in
that science the reasonings are free from those inconveniences which
attend the use of arbitrary signs, the very ideas themselves being copied
out, and exposed to view upon paper. But, by the bye, how well this agrees
with what they likewise assert of abstract ideas being the object of
geometrical demonstration I leave to be considered.
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