"Come, Duc de Nemours," said the Prince de Condé, who was tired of his position; "you, to whom the securing of the victory is due, and who helped to entrap all these people,--do not you feel that you ought to ask the life of this one? It is Castelnau, who, as I was told, had your promise for courteous treatment when he surrendered----" "Did I wait to see him here before trying to save him?" said the Duc de Nemours, stung by this bitter reproof. The clerk spoke slowly, intentionally, no doubt: "Michel-Jean-Louis, Baron de Castelnau-Chalosse, accused and convicted of the crime of high treason, and of fighting against his Majesty the King." "No," retorted Castelnau haughtily; "it can be no crime to oppose the tyranny and intended usurpation of the Guises!" The headsman, who was tired, seeing some stir in the royal seats, rested on his axe. "Monsieur le Baron," said he, "I should be glad not to hurt you. One minute may perhaps save you." And all the people shouted again for mercy. "Come," said the King, "a pardon for poor Castelnau, who saved the Duc d'Orléans." The Cardinal intentionally misinterpreted the word "Come." He nodded to the executioner, and Castelnau's head fell at the moment when the King pronounced his pardon. "That one goes to your account, Cardinal," said Catherine. On the day after this horrible massacre, the Prince de Condé set out for Navarre. This affair made a great sensation throughout France and in every foreign Court. The torrents of noble blood then shed caused the Chancellor Olivier such deep grief, that this admirable judge, seeing the end at which the Guises were aiming, felt that he was not strong enough to hold his own against them. Although they had made him what he was, he would not sacrifice his duty and the Monarchy to them; he retired from public life, suggesting that l'Hôpital should be his successor. Catherine, on hearing of Olivier's choice, proposed Birague for the post of Chancellor, and urged her request with great pertinacity. The Cardinal, who knew nothing of the note written to Catherine by l'Hôpital, and who believed him still faithful to the House of Lorraine, upheld him as Birague's rival, and the Queen-mother affected to be overridden. L'Hôpital was no sooner appointed than he took steps to prevent the introduction into France of the Holy Office, which the Cardinal de Lorraine wished to establish; and he so effectually opposed the Anti-Gallican measures and policy of the Guises, and showed himself so sturdy a Frenchman, that within three months of his appointment he was exiled, to reduce his spirit, to his estate of le Vignay, near Etampes.