The works of John Dryden, now first collected in eighteen volumes. Volume 15Dryden, John
General
The works of John Dryden, now first collected in eighteen volumes. Volume 15
Dryden, John
English literature
And now having laid down this as a foundation,--to begin with
Crites,--I must crave leave to tell him, that some of his arguments
against rhyme reach no farther than, from the faults or defects of ill
rhyme, to conclude against the use of it in general. May not I conclude
against blank verse by the same reason? If the words of some poets, who
write in it, are either ill chosen, or ill placed, (which makes not
only rhyme, but all kind of verse in any language unnatural,) shall
I, for their vicious affectation, condemn those excellent lines of
Fletcher, which are written in that kind? Is there any thing in rhyme
more constrained than this line in blank verse?--
I heaven invoke, and strong resistance make;
where you see both the clauses are placed unnaturally; that is,
contrary to the common way of speaking, and that without the excuse
of a rhyme to cause it: yet you would think me very ridiculous, if I
should accuse the stubbornness of blank verse for this, and not rather
the stiffness of the poet. Therefore, Crites, you must either prove,
that words, though well chosen, and duly placed, yet render not rhyme
natural in itself; or that however natural and easy the rhyme may be,
yet it is not proper for a play. If you insist on the former part, I
would ask you, what other conditions are required to make rhyme natural
in itself, besides an election of apt words, and a right disposition of
them? For the due choice of your words expresses your sense naturally,
and the due placing them adapts the rhyme to it. If you object, that
one verse may be made for the sake of another, though both the words
and rhyme be apt, I answer, it cannot possibly so fall out; for either
there is a dependance of sense betwixt the first line and the second,
or there is none: if there be that connection, then in the natural
position of the words the latter line must of necessity flow from the
former; if there be no dependance, yet still the due ordering of words
makes the last line as natural in itself as the other: so that the
necessity of a rhyme never forces any but bad or lazy writers to say
what they would not otherwise. 'Tis true, there is both care and art
required to write in verse. A good poet never establishes the first
line, till he has sought out such a rhyme as may fit the sense, already
prepared to heighten the second: many times the close of the sense
falls into the middle of the next verse, or farther off, and he may
often avail himself of the same advantages in English which Virgil had
in Latin,--he may break off in the hemistick, and begin another line.
Indeed, the not observing these two last things, makes plays which
are writ in verse so tedious: for though, most commonly, the sense is
to be confined to the couplet, yet nothing that does _perpetuo tenore
fluere_, run in the same channel, can please always. 'Tis like the
murmuring of a stream, which, not varying in the fall, causes at first
attention, at last drowsiness.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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