The works of John Dryden, now first collected in eighteen volumes. Volume 12Dryden, John
General
The works of John Dryden, now first collected in eighteen volumes. Volume 12
Dryden, John
English literature
Every one knows it was introduced into our language, in this age,
by the happy genius of Mr Cowley. The seeming easiness of it has
made it spread; but it has not been considered enough, to be so well
cultivated. It languishes in almost every hand but his, and some very
few, whom (to keep the rest in countenance) I do not name. He, indeed,
has brought it as near perfection as was possible in so short a time.
But, if I may be allowed to speak my mind modestly, and without injury
to his sacred ashes, somewhat of the purity of English, somewhat of
more equal thoughts, somewhat of sweetness in the numbers, in one word,
somewhat of a finer turn, and more lyrical verse, is yet wanting. As
for the soul of it, which consists in the warmth and vigour of fancy,
the masterly figures, and the copiousness of imagination, he has
excelled all others in this kind. Yet if the kind itself be capable of
more perfection, though rather in the ornamental parts of it than the
essential, what rules of morality or respect have I broken, in naming
the defects, that they may hereafter be amended? Imitation is a nice
point, and there are few poets who deserve to be models in all they
write. Milton's "Paradise Lost" is admirable; but am I therefore bound
to maintain, that there are no flats amongst his elevations, when it is
evident he creeps along sometimes for above an hundred lines together?
Cannot I admire the height of his invention, and the strength of his
expression, without defending his antiquated words, and the perpetual
harshness of their sound? It is as much commendation as a man can bear,
to own him excellent; all beyond it is idolatry. Since Pindar was the
prince of lyric poets, let me have leave to say, that, in imitating
him, our numbers should, for the most part, be lyrical: for variety, or
rather where the majesty of thought requires it, they may be stretched
to the English heroick of five feet, and to the French Alexandrine of
six. But the ear must preside, and direct the judgment to the choice
of numbers. Without the nicety of this, the harmony of Pindaric verse
can never be complete; the cadency of one line must be a rule to that
of the next; and the sound of the former must slide gently into that
which follows, without leaping from one extreme into another. It must
be done like the shadowings of a picture, which fall by degrees into
a darker colour. I shall be glad, if I have so explained myself as
to be understood; but if I have not, _quod nequeo dicere, et sentio
tantum_,[57] must be my excuse.
There remains much more to be said on this subject; but, to avoid envy,
I will be silent. What I have said is the general opinion of the best
judges, and in a manner has been forced from me, by seeing a noble sort
of poetry so happily restored by one man, and so grossly copied by
almost all the rest. A musical ear, and a great genius, if another Mr
Cowley could arise in another age, may bring it to perfection. In the
mean time,
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