The works of John Dryden, now first collected in eighteen volumes. Volume 17Dryden, John
General
The works of John Dryden, now first collected in eighteen volumes. Volume 17
Dryden, John
English literature
But supposing, as Plutarch
evidently does, that these spirits administered, under the Supreme Being,
the affairs of men, taking care of the virtuous, punishing the bad,
and sometimes communicating with the best, (as particularly the genius
of Socrates always warned him of approaching dangers, and taught him
to avoid them,) I cannot but wonder, that every one who has hitherto
written Plutarch’s life, and particularly Rualdus, the most knowing of
them all, should so confidently affirm, that these oracles were given
by bad spirits, according to Plutarch. As Christians, indeed, we may
think them so; but that Plutarch so thought, it is a most apparent
falsehood. It is enough to convince a reasonable man, that our author,
in his old age, (and that then he doted not we may see by the Treatise
he has written, that old men ought to have the management of public
affairs,) I say, that then he initiated himself in the sacred rites of
Delphos, and died, for aught we know, Apollo’s priest. Now, it is not
to be imagined that he thought the god he served a cacodemon, or, as we
call him, a devil. Nothing could be farther from the opinion and practice
of this holy philosopher than so gross an impiety. The story of the
Pythias, or Priestess of Apollo, which he relates immediately before the
ending of that Treatise concerning the Cessation of Oracles, confirms
my assertion, rather than shakes it; for it is there delivered, “That
going with great reluctation into the sacred place to be inspired, she
came out foaming at the mouth, her eyes gogling, her breast heaving, her
voice undistinguishable and shrill, as if she had an earthquake within
her, labouring for vent; and, in short, that thus tormented with the
god, whom she was not able to support, she died distracted in few days
after.” For he had said before, “that the divineress ought to have no
perturbations of mind, or impure passions, at the time when she was to
consult the oracle; and if she had, she was no more fit to be inspired,
than an instrument untuned to render an harmonious sound.” And he gives
us to suspect, by what he says at the close of this relation, “that this
Pythias had not lived chastely for some time before it.” So that her
death appears more like a punishment inflicted for loose living by some
holy power, than the mere malignancy of a spirit delighted naturally
in mischief.—There is another observation, which indeed comes nearer
to their purpose, which I will digress so far as to relate, because it
somewhat appertains to our own country:—“There are many islands (says he)
which lie scattered about Britain, after the manner of our Sporades. They
are unpeopled, and some of them are called the Islands of the Heroes, or
the Genii. One Demetrius was sent by the emperor [who, by computation of
the time, must either be Caligula or Claudius] to discover those parts;
and arriving at one of the islands, next adjoining to the fore-mentioned,
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