The History of Intellectual Progress is written in the Lives of Infidels--The King and the Priest--The Origin of God and Heaven, of the Devil and Hell--The Idea of Hell born of Ignorance, Brutality, Cowardice, and Revenge--The Limitations of our Ancestors--The Devil and God--Egotism of Barbarians--The Doctrine of Hell not an Exclusive Possession of Christianity--The Appeal to the Cemetery--Religion and Wealth, Christ and Poverty--The "Great" not on the Side of Christ and his Disciples--Epitaphs as Battle-cries--Some Great Men in favor of almost every Sect--Mistakes and Superstitions of Eminent Men--Sacred Books--The Claim that all Moral Laws came from God through the Jews--Fear--Martyrdom--God's Ways toward Men--The Emperor Constantine--The Death Test--Theological Comity between Protestants and Catholics--Julian--A childish Fable still Believed--Bruno--His Crime, his Imprisonment and LIBERTY IN LITERATURE. (1890.) "Old Age"--"Leaves of Grass" THE GREAT INFIDELS. (1881.) Martyrdom--The First to die for Truth without Expectation of Reward--The Church in the Time of Voltaire--Voltaire--Diderot--David Hume--Benedict Spinoza--Our Infidels--Thomas Paine--Conclusion. WHICH WAY? (1884.) I. The Natural and the Supernatural--Living for the Benefit of your Fellow-Man and Living for Ghosts--The Beginning of Doubt--Two Philosophies of Life--Two Theories of Government--II. Is our God superior to the Gods of the Heathen?--What our God has done--III. Two Theories about the Cause and Cure of Disease--The First Physician--The Bones of St. Anne Exhibited in New York--Archbishop Corrigan and Cardinal Gibbons Countenance a Theological Fraud--A Japanese Story--The Monk and the Miraculous Cures performed by the Bones of a Donkey represented as those of a Saint--IV.--Two Ways of accounting for Sacred Books and Religions--V-Two Theories about Morals--Nothing Miraculous about Morality--The Test of all Actions--VI. Search for the Impossible--Alchemy--"Perpetual Motion"--Astrology--Fountain of Perpetual Youth--VII. "Great Men" and the Superstitions in which they have Believed--VIII. Follies and Imbecilities of Great Men--We do not know what they Thought, only what they Said--Names of Great Unbelievers--Most Men Controlled by their Surroundings--IX. Living for God in Switzerland, Scotland, New England--In the Dark Ages--Let us Live for Man--X. The Narrow Road of Superstition--The Wide and Ample Way--Let us Squeeze the Orange Dry--This Was, This Is, This Shall Be. ABOUT THE HOLY BIBLE. (1894.)