The highest possible standard is human. We put ourselves in the places of others. We are made happy by the kindness of others, and we feel that a fair exchange of good actions is the wisest and best commerce. We know that others can make us miserable by acts of hatred and injustice, and we shrink from inflicting the pain upon others that we have felt ourselves; this is the foundation of conscience. If man could not suffer, the words right and wrong could never have been spoken. The Agnostic, the Infidel, clearly perceives the true basis of morals, and, so perceiving, he knows that the religious man, the superstitious man, caring more for God than for his fellows, will sacrifice his fellows, either at the supposed command of his God, or to win his approbation. He also knows that the religionist has no basis for morals except these supposed commands. The basis of morality with him lies not in the nature of things, but in the caprice of some deity. He seems to think that, had it not been for the Ten Commandments, larceny and murder might have been virtues. IV. SPIRITUALITY. What is it to be spiritual? Is this fine quality of the mind destroyed by the development of the brain? As the domain wrested by science from ignorance increases--as island after island and continent after continent are discovered--as star after star and constellation after constellation in the intellectual world burst upon the midnight of ignorance, does the spirituality of the mind grow less and less? Like morality, is it only found in the company of ignorance and superstition? Is the spiritual man honest, kind, candid?--or dishonest, cruel and hypocritical? Does he say what he thinks? Is he guided by reason? Is he the friend of the right?--the champion of the truth? Must this splendid quality called spirituality be retained through the loss of candor? Can we not truthfully say that absolute candor is the beginning of wisdom? To recognize the finer harmonies of conduct--to live to the ideal--to separate the incidental, the evanescent, from the perpetual--to be enchanted with the perfect melody of truth--open to the influences of the artistic, the beautiful, the heroic--to shed kindness as the sun sheds light--to recognize the good in others, and to include the world in the idea of self--this is to be spiritual. There is nothing spiritual in the worship of the unknown and unknowable, in the self-denial of a slave at the command of a master whom he fears. Fastings, prayings, mutilations, kneelings, and mortifications are either the results of, or result in, insanity. This is the spirituality of Bedlam, and is of no kindred with the soul that finds its greatest joy in the discharge of obligation perceived. V. REVERENCE. What is reverence? It is the feeling produced when we stand in the presence of our ideal, or of that which most nearly approaches it--that which is produced by what we consider the highest degree of excellence.