The Works of Sir Thomas Browne, Volume 2Browne, Thomas, Sir
Religion
The Works of Sir Thomas Browne, Volume 2
Browne, Thomas, Sir
Christianity; Ethics; Religion and medicine
2. That Owls and Ravens are ominous appearers, and pre-signifying
unlucky events, as Christians yet conceit, was also an Augurial
conception. Because many Ravens were seen when _Alexander_ entred
_Babylon_, they were thought to pre-ominate his death; and because an
Owl appeared before the battle, it presaged the ruin of _Crassus_. Which
though decrepite superstitions, and such as had their nativity in times
beyond all history, are fresh in the observation of many heads, and by
the credulous and feminine party still in some Majesty among us. And
therefore the Emblem of Superstition was well set out by _Ripa_[SN:
Iconologia de Cæsare Ripa.], in the picture of an Owl, an Hare, and an
Old Woman. And it no way confirmeth the Augurial consideration, that an
Owl is a forbidden food in the Law of _Moses_; or that _Jerusalem_ was
threatned by the Raven and the Owl, in that expression of _Esay_ 34.
That it should be a court for Owls, that the Cormorant and the Bittern
should possess it, and the Owl and the Raven dwell in it. For thereby
was only implied their ensuing desolation, as is expounded in the words
succeeding; He shall draw upon it the line of confusion, and the stones
of emptiness.
3. The falling of Salt is an authentick presagement of ill luck, nor can
every temper contemn it; from whence notwithstanding nothing can be
naturally feared: nor was the same a general prognostick of future evil
among the Ancients, but a particular omination concerning the breach of
friendship. For Salt as incorruptible, was the Symbole of friendship,
and before the other service was offered unto their guests; which if it
casually fell, was accounted ominous, and their amity of no duration.
But whether Salt were not only a Symbole of friendship with man, but
also a figure of amity and reconciliation with God, and was therefore
observed in sacrifices, is an higher speculation.
4. To break the egg shell after the meat is out, we are taught in our
childhood, and practise it all our lives; which nevertheless is but a
superstitious relict, according to the judgment of _Pliny_, _Huc
pertinet ovorum, ut exorbuerit quisq; calices protinus frangi, aut
eosdem coclearibus perforari_; and the intent hereof was to prevent
witchcraft; for lest witches should draw or prick their names therein,
and veneficiously mischief their persons, they broke the shell, as
_Dalecampius_ hath observed.
5. The true Lovers knot is very much magnified, and still retained in
presents of Love among us; which though in all points it doth not make
out, had perhaps its original from the _Nodus Herculanus_, or that which
was called _Hercules_ his knot, resembling the snaky complication in the
caduceus or rod of _Hermes_; and in which form the Zone or woollen
girdle of the Bride was fastned, as _Turnebus_ observeth in his
_Adversaria_.
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