4. The custom it is of Popes to change their name at their creation; and the Author thereof is commonly said to be _Bocca di porco_, or swines face; who therefore assumed the stile of _Sergius_ the second, as being ashamed so foul a name should dishonour the chair of _Peter_; wherein notwithstanding, from _Montacutius_ and others I find there may be some mistake. For _Massonius_ who writ the lives of Popes, acknowledgeth he was not the first that changed his name in that Sea; nor as _Platina_ affirmeth, have all his Successors precisely continued that custom; for _Adrian_ the sixt, and _Marcellus_ the second, did still retain their Baptismal denomination. Nor is it proved, or probable, that _Sergius_ changed the name of _Bocca di Porco_, for this was his sirname or gentilitious appellation: nor was it the custom to alter that with the other; but be commuted his Christian name _Peter_ for _Sergius_, because he would seem to decline the name of _Peter_ the second. A scruple I confess not thought considerable in other Seas, whose Originals and first Patriarchs have been less disputed; nor yet perhaps of that reality as to prevail in points of the same nature. For the names of the Apostles, Patriarchs and Prophets have been assumed even to affectation; the name of Jesus hath not been appropriate; but some in precedent ages have born that name, and many since have not refused the Christian name of _Emmanuel_. Thus are there few names more frequent then _Moses_ and _Abraham_ among the _Jews_; The _Turks_ without scruple affect the name of _Mahomet_, and with gladness receive so honourable cognomination. And truly in humane occurrences there ever have been many well directed intentions, whose rationalities will never bear a rigid examination, and though in some way they do commend their Authors, and such as first began them, yet have they proved insufficient to perpetuate imitation in such as have succeeded them. Thus was it a worthy resolution of _Godfrey_, and most Christians have applauded it, That he refused to wear a Crown of Gold where his Saviour had worn one of thorns. Yet did not his Successors durably inherit that scruple, but some were anointed, and solemnly accepted the Diadem of regality. Thus _Julius_, _Augustus_ and _Tiberius_ with great humility or popularity refused the name of _Imperator_, but their Successors have challenged that title, and retain the same even in its titularity. And thus to come nearer our subject, the humility of _Gregory_ the Great would by no means admit the stile of universal Bishop; but the ambition of _Boniface_ made no scruple thereof, nor of more queasie resolutions have been their Successors ever since. [Sidenote: Turkish _History_.]