The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke, Vol. 11 (of 12)Burke, Edmund
History
The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke, Vol. 11 (of 12)
Burke, Edmund
Great Britain -- Politics and government -- 1760-1820; Political science -- Early works to 1800
I will make a short observation on this matter. The order, on the 13th
of May, 1679, for varying the form of the commission, was, as appeareth
by the Journal, plainly made in consequence of the resolution of the
12th, and was founded on it; and consequently the constant, unvarying
practice with regard to the new form goeth, in my opinion, a great way
towards showing, that, in the sense of all succeeding times, that
resolution was not the result of faction or a blamable jealousy, but was
founded in sound reason and true policy. It may be objected, that the
resolution of the 12th of May, 1679, goeth no further than to a
proceeding upon impeachment. The letter of the resolution, it is
admitted, goeth no further. But this is easily accounted for: a
proceeding by impeachment was the subject-matter of the conference, and
the Commons had no pretence to interpose in any other. But what say the
Lords? _The High Steward is but as a Speaker or Chairman pro tempore,
for the more orderly proceeding at the trials; the appointment of him
doth not alter the nature of the court, which still remaineth the Court
of the Peers in Parliament._ From these premises they draw the
conclusion I have mentioned. Are not these premises equally true in the
case of a proceeding upon indictment? They undoubtedly are.
It must likewise be admitted, that in the proceeding upon indictment the
High Steward's commission hath never varied from the ancient form in
such cases. The words objected to by the Commons, _Ac pro eo quod
officium Seneschalli Angliae, (cujus praesentia in hac parte requiritur,)
ut accepimus, jam vacat_, are still retained; but this proveth no more
than that the Great Seal, having no authority to vary in point of form,
hath from time to time very prudently followed ancient precedents.
I have already stated the substance of the commission in a proceeding in
the Court of the High Steward. I will now state the substance of that in
a proceeding in the Court of the Peers in Parliament; and shall make use
of that in the case of the Earl of Kilmarnock and others, as being the
latest, and in point of form agreeing with the former precedents. The
commission, after reciting that William, Earl of Kilmarnock, &c., stand
indicted before commissioners of gaol-delivery in the County of Surrey,
for high treason, in levying war against the King, and that the King
intendeth that the said William, Earl of Kilmarnock, &c., shall be
heard, examined, sentenced, and adjudged before himself, in this present
Parliament, touching the said treason, and for that the office of
Steward of Great Britain (whose presence is required upon this
occasion) is now vacant, as we are informed, appointeth the then Lord
Chancellor Steward of Great Britain, to bear, execute, and exercise (for
this time) the said office, with all things due and belonging to the
same office, in that behalf.
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