means that War, in addition to the actual profits of his Trade, shall give him the enormous potential advantage of having broken the Trade Unions.[59] FOOTNOTES: [Footnote 52: As a matter of fact, nearly all the luxury trades cut down their scale of wages during the first year of the war; and many of these ostentatiously gave to some War Charity a fraction of the sum thus extracted from their employees. I suppose it would be libellous to give examples.] [Footnote 53: Though frantic attempts to conceal it have been made since the Tax on War Profits was introduced.] [Footnote 54: The _New Statesman_, May 22, 1915.] [Footnote 55: See above, p. 47, note 4. Some illuminating details are given in the _Nation_, May 22, 1915, concerning the unscrupulous plea of Government work in order to excuse the employment of children.] [Footnote 56: The _Saturday Review_, September 18, 1915.] [Footnote 57: "The shortage" too was a permanent excuse just as good for holding prices up as for holding wages down. Cf. a correspondent in _The Times_, May 17, 1916: "This position of affairs makes one doubt if the shortage in these articles (bottles, jars, tins, boxes, etc.) is as stated, or that the shortage pays better and the various trades do not wish the tension to be in any way relieved."] [Footnote 58: I hope it will not soon be forgotten that _Punch_ was not ashamed to endorse this charge.] [Footnote 59: Cf. Mr. Emil Davies in the _New Statesman_, April 8, 1916: "My impression is that the annoyance of Clyde manufacturers at the present labour troubles is not wholly free from a certain grim satisfaction. They are not anxious to see carried out the pledge that shop conditions should go back to the pre-war basis, and, they argue, if the men are discredited with the public, it will be all to the good of the employers in the big industrial struggle they look upon as inevitable after the war. They regard this struggle without anxiety and are accumulating funds; some of them talk of special funds being created for the purpose by the employers in association. These are the impressions gained from conversations with prominent members of the Glasgow business world."] Sec. 9 Trade Profit and National Loss