[Footnote 122: Interesting evidence in favour of the respiratory origin of such visions is furnished by Silberer's observations on his own symbolic hypnagogic visions which are certainly allied to dream visions. He found (_Jahrbuch für Psychoanalytische Forschungen_, Bd. 1., 1909, p. 523) that on drawing a deep breath, and so raising the chest wall, the representation came to him of attempting with another person to raise a table in the air.] [Footnote 123: J. de Goncourt (_Journal des Goncourt_, vol. iii. p. 3) mentions that after drinking port wine, to which he was unaccustomed, he had a dream in which he observed on his counterpane grotesque images in relief which rose and fell.] [Footnote 124: Chabaneix, _Le Subconscient_, p. 43.] [Footnote 125: May 30, 1906.] [Footnote 126: L. Binswanger, 'Versuch einer Hysterieanalyse,' _Jahrbuch für Psychoanalytische Forschungen_, Bd. 1. 1909.] [Footnote 127: Their word has often been accepted. Levitation as experienced by the saints has been studied by Colonel A. de Rochas, _Les Frontières de la Science_, 1904; also in _Annales des Sciences Psychiques_, January-February 1901. 'Levitation is a perfectly real phenomena,' he concludes, 'and much more common than we might at first be tempted to believe.'] [Footnote 128: It seems to become less frequent after middle age. Beaunis states that in his case it ceased at the age of fifty. I found it disappear, or become rare, at a somewhat earlier age.] [Footnote 129: H. Piéron, 'Contribution à la Psychologie des Mourants,' _Revue Philosophique_, December 1902.] CHAPTER VII SYMBOLISM IN DREAMS The Dramatisation of Subjective Feelings Based on Dissociation--Analogies in Waking Life--The Synaesthesias and Number-forms--Symbolism in Language--In Music--The Organic Basis of Dream Symbolism--The Omnipotence of Symbolism--Oneiromancy--The Scientific Interpretation of Dreams--Why Symbolism prevails in Dreaming--Freud's Theory of Dreaming--Dreams as Fulfilled Wishes--Why this Theory cannot be applied to all Dreaming--The Complete Form of Symbolism in Dreams--Splitting up of Personality--Self-objectivation in Imaginary Personalities--The Dramatic Element in Dreams--Hallucinations--Multiple Personality--Insanity--Self-objectivation a Primitive Tendency--Its Survival in Civilisation. In discussing dreams of flying I have referred to a dream in which a slight disturbance of the heart's action was transformed by sleeping consciousness into the image of an athlete manipulating an elastic ball. This objectivation of what are really the dreamer's subjective sensations, although he is not conscious of them as subjective, is, indeed, a phenomenon which we have encountered many times. It is, however, so important a feature of dream psychology, and probably of such significant weight in its influence on waking life, that it is worth while to deal with it separately.