[Footnote 186: Chabaneix, _Le Subconscient chez les Artistes, les Savants et les Ecrivains_, 1897, pp. 45-8. Chabaneix was in touch with various persons of distinction, and one is inclined to identify the poet-philosopher with Sully-Prudhomme, at that time still living. Du Maurier's remarkable novel, _Peter Ibbetson_--which records similar serial dreams of union with a beloved woman after death, and seems to be based on real experience--may also be mentioned in this connection.] [Footnote 187: Unconscious dream suggestions of this kind resemble, as R. MacDougall has remarked (_Psychological Review_, March 1898, p. 167), post-hypnotic suggestions.] [Footnote 188: This type of dream--in which the emotion of the day is inverted in sleep, depressing emotions giving place to exalting emotions, and so on--is by some (Griesinger, Lombroso, Sante de Sanctis, etc.), termed the contrast-dream. The dream is in such a case, Sante de Sanctis remarks, complementary, having the same significance as a complementary after-image and indicating a phase of anabolic repair. Thus A. Wiggam (_Pedagogical Seminary_, June 1909), gives the case of a girl of twenty, who when tired and restless always has good dreams, while her dreams are bad when she is well and free from care. It should be added that, as understood by Näcke ('Ueber Kontrast-Träume' _Archiv für Kriminalanthropologie_, 1907), a contrast-dream is one that is in striking contrast to the dreamer's ordinary character. In this type of contrast-dream it is not quite clear that the mechanism is the same, and the contrast may sometimes be accidental. Thus a dream of being a soldier on a battlefield, with shells bursting around me, was merely suggested by a passage of Nietzsche, read in the evening, which contained the words 'the thunders of the battle of Wörth,' and the question of contrast or resemblance to my character and habits was irrelevant.] [Footnote 189: _Journal of the Anthropological Institute_, July-December 1904, p. 339.] [Footnote 190: See Herbert Spencer, _Principles of Sociology_, 3rd ed., 1885, vol. i. ch. x., especially pp. 140, 182, 201, 772. Spencer believed that Lubbock was the first to point out this factor in primitive beliefs, which has been chiefly developed by Tylor. It is, of course, by no means the only factor. See _post_, p. 266.]