[Footnote 105: De Rochas describes the phenomenon as 'a property of the human organism, more or less developed in different individuals, when the soul, disengaging itself from the bonds of the body, enters the domain, still so mysterious, of dreams' (_L'Intermédiaire des Chercheurs et des Curieux_, May 10, 1906). In subsequent numbers of the _Intermédiaire_ various correspondents describe their own experiences of such dreams. In _Luce e Ombra_ for June 1906, and in the _Echo du Merveilleux_ for the same date, neither of which I have seen, are given other experiences.] [Footnote 106: _Annals of Psychical Research_, November 1896.] [Footnote 107: Horace Hutchinson, _Dreams and their Meanings_, p. 76.] [Footnote 108: _American Journal of Psychology_, July-October 1903, p. 14.] [Footnote 109: 'The wish to be able to fly,' he declares (_Eine Kindheitserinnerung des Leonardo da Vinci_, p. 59), 'signifies in dreaming nothing else but the desire to be capable of sexual activities. It is a wish of early childhood.'] [Footnote 110: Stanley Hall, _American Journal of Psychology_, January 1879, p. 158; also F. E. Bolton, 'Hydro-Psychoses,' _ib._, January 1899, p. 183; as regards rudimentary gill-slits, Bland Sutton, _Evolution and Disease_, pp. 48 _et seq._ Lafcadio Hearn travels still further along this road in search for an explanation of dreams of flight, and evokes a 'memory of vanished planets with fainter powers of gravitation,' but he fails to state when the ancestors of man inhabited these problematical planets.] [Footnote 111: I retain this statement of my explanation in almost the same words as first written down in 1895. I was not then aware that several psychologists had offered very similar explanations. Scherner (_Das Leben des Traumes_, 1861) seems to have been the first to connect the lungs with dreams of flying, though he put forward the explanation in too fanciful a form and failed to realise that other factors, notably a change in skin pressure, are also involved. Strümpell at a later date recognised this explanation, as well as Wundt.] [Footnote 112: It is the same with chloroform. 'There are marked sensations in the vicinity of the heart,' says Elmer Jones ('The Waning of Consciousness under Chloroform,' _Psychological Review_, January 1909). 'The musculature of that organ seems thoroughly stimulated, and the contractions become violent and accelerated. The palpitations are as strong as would be experienced at the close of some violent bodily exertion.' It is significant, also, as bearing on the interpretation of the dream of flying, that under chloroform 'all movements made appeared to be much longer than they actually were. A slight movement of the tongue appeared to be magnified at least ten times. Clinching the fingers and opening them again produced the feeling of their moving through a space of several feet.'] [Footnote 113: See _e.g._ Marie de Manacéïne, _Sleep_, p. 7.]