The World's Earliest Music: Traced to Its Beginnings in Ancient Lands by Collected Evidence of Relics, Records, History, and Musical Instruments from Greece, Etruria, Egypt, China, Through Asyria and Babylonia, to the Primitive Home, the Land of Akkad and SumerSmith, Hermann
History
The World's Earliest Music: Traced to Its Beginnings in Ancient Lands by Collected Evidence of Relics, Records, History, and Musical Instruments from Greece, Etruria, Egypt, China, Through Asyria and Babylonia, to the Primitive Home, the Land of Akkad and Sumer
Smith, Hermann
Music -- To 500 -- History and criticism
The lyre held by Terpsichore (_Fig. 61_), shews a variation in
construction, it has below the cross-bar a second bar which would seem
in itself to be intended to define more strictly the lengths of the
strings when the peg carrying the series were fixed in its correct
position, but an examining the larger lyre or Psaltery (_Fig. 63_)
carried by Erato, “the lovely one,” as the Greeks called this muse,
this addition will be seen to assume a more important relation, and the
appearance is as of platform attached to the crossbar through which
the strings are threaded, and they do not pass to wind round the bar.
This platform is more or less a puzzle. It might be designed to throw
the strings more forward of the body of the instrument; Erato’s lyre is
curved evidently with that purpose in view. Many representations shew
this little platform. I have noticed instances of the loose ends of
strings shewn above it, although the rule seems to have been for those
ends to be at the bottom of the lyre where the tuning of each string
was regulated. Erato’s lyre is of advanced pattern, being hollow like a
violin, and doubtless it was of high sonority.
In the gem room of the British Museum there is another painting from
Herculanæum, in which a new idea is manifest; the platform is replaced
by levers at right angles to the bar to which the strings are attached.
M. Victor Mahillon gives a rough drawing of this, but it is hardly
convincing as to how such levers or rollers can be brought into use.
I have brooded over this painting, searched it intently with opera
glasses, seeking time and again to read its mystery, and still it is
clouded in mist, the actual construction not to be made out.
There are several illustrations of lyres having a number of loose rings
upon the bar; Dr. Burney gives one where one long string is threaded
through a series of them from top to bottom of lyre. But the idea is an
impossible one for practical validity, since the tension could not be
regulated to differ for each note, and the string being continuous from
one to the other, to affect one note would be to affect all.
Rings and loops on the bar are often seen, details of strings being
omitted, and there is doubt how much the painter knew of the instrument
he presumed to depict; modern artists shew themselves equally
presumptuous, seldom or never caring to know or to enquire into the
mode of playing, or to understand the design of the construction.
Some little light, I think, is given in a description of an ancient
lyre which, in a mutilated state, was recovered by Lord Elgin from a
tomb at Athens.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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