THE WORLD-STRUGGLE FOR OIL _Some_ BORZOI _Books_ _Midwinter, 1924_ SOCIOLOGY AND POLITICAL THEORY _Harry Elmer Barnes_ THE OLD AND THE NEW GERMANY _John Firman Coar_ THE BASIS OF SOCIAL THEORY _Albert G.A. Balz_ ESSAYS IN ECONOMIC THEORY _Simon Nelson Patten_ THE TREND OF ECONOMICS _Various Writers_ THE FABRIC OF EUROPE _Harold Stannard_ THE WORLD-STRUGGLE FOR OIL _Translated from the French of_ Pierre l'Espagnol de la Tramerye _by_ C. LEONARD LEESE [Illustration] NEW YORK ALFRED · A · KNOPF MCMXXIV COPYRIGHT, 1924, BY ALFRED A. KNOPF, INC. _Published, February, 1924_ _Set up, electrotyped, and printed by the Vail-Ballou Press, Inc., Binghamton, N.Y._ _Paper furnished by W.F. Etherington & Co., New York._ _Bound by H. Wolff Estate, New York._ MANUFACTURED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA CONTENTS PART I. The World's Oil. Chap. I. "Who Has Oil Has Empire!" 9 II. Oil: Its Origin, Discovery, and History 21 III. Amazing Increase in Consumption: Fears of the United States 34 PART II. The Struggle of the Trusts. Chap. IV. The _Standard Oil Company_ 45 V. The _Royal Dutch-Shell_ 59 VI. The Oil World's Napoleon: Henry Deterding 84 PART III. The Struggle between the Powers. Chap. VII. The _Europeanische Petroleum Union_: a German Trust for the Control of European Oil which founders in the Great World Conflict 97 VIII. The War and Oil 101 IX. An Imperialism not without Greatness 110 X. The Struggle between Great Britain and the United States in Mexico 113 XI. A State-subsidised Company: the _Anglo-Persian_ 129 XII. An American Balkanism: the _British Controlled Oil-fields_ 143 XIII. Political Tendencies of the Royal-Dutch: the British Oil Empire 147 XIV. How the United States lost Supremacy over Oil 151 XV. The American Retort 178 XVI. From Washington to Genoa: the Struggle for the Oil-fields of Russia 184 PART IV. France's Part in the Struggle between Great Britain and the United States. Chap. XVII. The Cartel of Ten 201