Aeronautics -- United States -- Biography; Wright, Orville, 1871-1948; Wright, Wilbur, 1867-1912
By 1895 increased business had caused them to move once more, to 22
South Williams Street, and soon they began to manufacture bicycles.
The first “custom made” model was called the Van Cleve--after their
pioneer ancestors. A later and lower-priced model was the St. Clair;
and finally they made a still lower-priced machine called the Wright
Special. It sold for as low as $18. Before they were through with
the business they had put out under their own brand several hundred
bicycles. Many of these were built in the last building the brothers
occupied, a remodeled dwelling house at 1127 West Third Street--the
building afterward preserved as a museum at Henry Ford’s Greenfield
Village in Dearborn, Michigan.
Much of their work when building new bicycles was done in winter,
when selling was slack, in rooms upstairs over the shop, and from
time to time the brothers were interrupted by the necessity of going
down to attend to wants of customers. Sometimes they went down to
meet a caller who wished only to borrow their air-pump to inflate a
tire. They had no pressure-tank but kept a large hand-pump on the wall
near the front door. To avoid needless trips downstairs, the Wrights
contrived mechanical means by which they could tell if a caller’s wants
required their attention. They took an old two-tone bell, intended to
be fastened to a bicycle handlebar, and attached it to the wall in
their upstairs work-rooms. By means of wires and other mechanism, the
opening of the downstairs door yanked the thumb-lever on the bell in
one direction, producing one tone; and shutting the door pulled the
little lever in an opposite direction to cause the other tone. The hook
on which the air-pump hung was also connected by a wire and a spring
to a pointer upstairs. Thus it was possible to have secret knowledge
upstairs if the caller might be a real customer or if he “only wanted
air.” If he promptly helped himself to the pump, there probably was no
need for anyone to go down. Then when the pointer showed that the pump
was back on the hook and the bell signaled the closing of the door,
on the caller’s departure, the brothers could feel sure they had not
missed a sale of any kind by sticking to their work.
Throughout the time they were repairing, selling, and building
bicycles, the Wrights continued to make various experiments, just for
the fun of it. They made in 1893 what was doubtless the first pair of
“balloon” tires ever installed on a vehicle. It was necessary to build
a special “front fork” and widen the frame at the rear to make room for
the over-sized pneumatics.
Orville even found time during this period for experiments having
nothing to do with bicycles. Along about 1895, he made a new kind of
calculating machine for multiplying as well as for adding. He worked
also on a typewriter more simplified than any in existence.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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