The writings of Clement of Alexandria, Vol. 1 (of 2)Clement, of Alexandria, Saint
Religion
The writings of Clement of Alexandria, Vol. 1 (of 2)
Clement, of Alexandria, Saint
Theology -- Early works to 1800; Theology -- History -- Early Church, ca. 30-600
She who emulates Sarah is not ashamed of that highest of ministries,
helping wayfarers. For Abraham said to her, “Haste, and knead three
measures of meal, and make cakes.”[691] “And Rachel, the daughter of
Laban, came,” it is said, “with her father’s sheep.”[692] Nor was this
enough; but to teach humility it is added, “for she fed her father’s
sheep.”[693] And innumerable such examples of frugality and self-help,
and also of exercises, are furnished by the Scriptures. In the case
of men, let some strip and engage in wrestling; let some play at the
small ball, especially the game they call Pheninda,[694] in the sun. To
others who walk into the country, or go down into the town, the walk is
sufficient exercise. And were they to handle the hoe, this stroke of
economy in agricultural labour would not be ungentlemanly.
I had almost forgot to say that the well-known Pittacus, king of
Miletus, practised the laborious exercise of turning the mill.[695]
It is respectable for a man to draw water for himself, and to cut
billets of wood which he is to use himself. Jacob fed the sheep of
Laban that were left in his charge, having as a royal badge “a rod of
storax,”[696] which aimed by its wood to change and improve nature. And
reading aloud is often an exercise to many. But let not such athletic
contests, as we have allowed, be undertaken for the sake of vainglory,
but for the exuding of manly sweat. Nor are we to struggle with cunning
and showiness, but in a stand-up wrestling bout, by disentangling of
neck, hands, and sides. For such a struggle with graceful strength is
more becoming and manly, being undertaken for the sake of serviceable
and profitable health. But let those others, who profess the practice
of illiberal postures in gymnastics, be dismissed. We must always aim
at moderation. For as it is best that labour should precede food, so to
labour above measure is both very bad, very exhausting, and apt to make
us ill. Neither, then, should we be idle altogether, nor completely
fatigued. For similarly to what we have laid down with respect to food,
are we to do everywhere and with everything. Our mode of life is not to
accustom us to voluptuousness and licentiousness, nor to the opposite
extreme, but to the medium between these, that which is harmonious and
temperate, and free of either evil, luxury and parsimony. And now, as
we have also previously remarked, attending to one’s own wants is an
exercise free of pride,--as, for example, putting on one’s own shoes,
washing one’s own feet, and also rubbing one’s self when anointed with
oil. To render one who has rubbed you the same service in return, is an
exercise of reciprocal justice; and to sleep beside a sick friend, help
the infirm, and supply him who is in want, are proper exercises. “And
Abraham,” it is said, “served up for three, dinner under a tree, and
waited on them as they ate.”[697] The same with fishing, as in the case
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