The Writings of John Burroughs — Volume 05: PepactonBurroughs, John
History
The Writings of John Burroughs — Volume 05: Pepacton
Burroughs, John
Natural history -- Outdoor books
The story at first blush seems incredible, but I have no doubt our
red squirrel would have made the leap safely; then why not the
great black squirrel, since its parachute would be proportionately
large?
The tails of the squirrels are broad and long and flat, not short
and small like those of gophers, chipmunks, woodchucks, and other
ground rodents, and when they leap or fall through the air the tail
is arched and rapidly vibrates. A squirrel's tail, therefore, is
something more than ornament, something more than a flag; it not
only aids him in flying, but it serves as a cloak, which he wraps
about him when he sleeps. Thus, some animals put their tails to
various uses, while others seem to have no use for them whatever.
What use for a tail has a wood-chuck, or a weasel, or a mouse? Has
not the mouse yet learned that it could get in its hole sooner if
it had no tail? The mole and the meadow mouse have very short
tails. Rats, no doubt, put their tails to various uses. The
rabbit has no use for a tail,--it would be in its way; while its
manner of sleeping is such that it does not need a tail to tuck
itself up with, as do the coon and the fox. The dog talks with his
tail; the tail of the possum is prehensile; the porcupine uses his
tail in climbing and for defense; the beaver as a tool or trowel;
while the tail of the skunk serves as a screen behind which it
masks its terrible battery.
THE WOODCHUCK
Writers upon rural England and her familiar natural history make no
mention of the marmot or woodchuck. In Europe this animal seems to
be confined to the high mountainous districts, as on our Pacific
slope, burrowing near the snow-line. It is more social or
gregarious than the American species, living in large families like
our prairie dog. In the Middle and Eastern States our woodchuck
takes the place, in some respects, of the English rabbit, burrowing
in every hillside and under every stone wall and jutting ledge and
large boulder, from whence it makes raids upon the grass and clover
and sometimes upon the garden vegetables. It is quite solitary in
its habits, seldom more than one inhabiting the same den, unless it
be a mother and her young. It is not now so much a WOODchuck as a
FIELDchuck. Occasionally, however, one seems to prefer the woods,
and is not seduced by the sunny slopes and the succulent grass, but
feeds, as did his fathers before him, upon roots and twigs, the
bark of young trees, and upon various wood plants.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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